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Studies on battery repair and recycling workers occupationally exposed to lead in Karachi

100%
Haider M. J., Qureshi N.
Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
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2013
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tom 64
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nr 1
Objective. The present study was carried out to investigate the effects of occupational lead exposure on the hematological and biochemical parameters in occupationally exposed and non exposed inhabitants of Karachi. Material and methods. In 100 lead exposed subjects recruited from automobile workshops, lead battery repair and recycling units located in Karachi and in 100 control subjects the general health status, hematological parameters and exposure markers for lead were measured. Results. Results indicated that the mean values of blood lead level and δ-aminolevulinic acid were significantly higher (P<0.05) while the activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase were significantly decreased (P<0.05) among battery repair and recycling workers as compared to controls. The abnormalities in the blood lead level, δ-aminolevulinic acid and δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase were more frequent in lead exposed battery repair workers when compared with control subjects. The blood lead levels and δ-aminolevulinic acid were positively correlated while δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase was found to be negatively correlated with age, years of exposure and years of employment. Blood lead level was positively correlated with hemoglobin and RBC count while δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase was negatively correlated with hemoglobin concentration. The work related symptoms, droopiness, nasal symptoms and muscular pain were more frequent among battery repair workers as compared to control group. The findings of present study confirmed that occupational exposure to lead is associated with deviation in important hematological parameters and biological markers of exposure to lead among lead exposed workers, and also confirms the impact of lead exposure in the development of adverse effects among lead exposed workers. Conclusions. The study provides the data for risk assessment in lead battery repair workers of Karachi and suggests the need for preventive measures for battery repair workers and improvements to reduce occupational lead exposures to protect them from lead toxicity. It is suggested that hematological and physical examinations of lead exposed workers should be carried out periodically to prevent future health hazards.
2

Estimating total phenolics in Taraxacum officinale (L.) extracts

42%
Khan A. S., Arif K., Munir B., Kiran S., Jalal F., Qureshi N., Hassan S. M., Soomro G. A., Nazir A., Ghaffar A., Tahir M. A., Iqbal M.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2019
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tom 28
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nr 1
This study focuses on evaluating total phenolic contents (TPC) in Taraxacum officinale (L.), a member of the family Asteraceae (compositae). The TPC were estimated by Folin-Ciocalteu’s reagent and gallic acid was taken as standard. The amount of phenolics was communicated as gallic acid equivalent (GAE). The TPC varied from 41.47 mg/g to 691.6 mg/g in the Taraxacum officinale (L.) extracts. The maximum phenolic contents were found in hydro-alcoholic extract (691.6 mg/g GAE) in comparison with aqueous extract. These extracts have a significant role as antibacterial and antimicrobial agents.
3

Managing paper and pulp industry by-product waste utilizing sludge as a bio-fertilizer

42%
Fahim S., Nisar N., Ahmad Z., Asghar Z., Said A., Atif S., Ghani N., Qureshi N., Soomro G. A., Iqbal M., Nazir A.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2019
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tom 28
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nr 1
An enormous amount of waste material (sludge) generated from paper and pulp industries is either dumped or incinerated. However, this pulp is an enriched source of macronutrients and can be employed on agricultural land to improve its fertility. The current study was therefore performed to analyze phosphorus (P) and calcium (Ca) by flame photometer, nitrogen (N) by Kjeldahl method, and magnesium (Mg) by back titration from sludge. The application of sludge significantly increases macronutrients in the plants lady finger (Abelmoschus esculentus) and garden mint (Mentha sachalinensis).We applied primary (initial husk treatment) and secondary (after primary treatment) sludge to observe the growth of Abelmoschus esculentus and Mentha sachalinensis. However, primary sludge showed the highest concentration of nutrients, i.e., 96.5% P, 99.6% N, 86% Ca, and 0.008% Mg. The application of paper and pulp waste to the soil indicates that these bio-solids are good for soil fertility, biomass production, and plant growth; however, they are slightly less efficient than synthetic fertilizers. However, the synthetic fertilizers are probable candidates for holding heavy metals, so these bio-solids can be considered a better source for soil fertility.
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Enhancing profitability of ethanol fermentation through gamma ray mutagenesis of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

42%
Arshad M., Hussain T., Chaudhry N., Sadia H., Asalm B., Tahir U., Abbas M., Qureshi N., Nazir A., Rajoka M. I., Iqbal M.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
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2019
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tom 28
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nr 1
Invertase has a vital role in ethanol fermentation, especially on sucrose-containing media. In this study, catabolite-resistant mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae were isolated through gamma ray mutagenesis with improved productivity of ethanol and invertases. Enzyme productivity of mutant yeast was compared with that of the parent. Various fermentation parameters were optimized, including substrate concentration, pH, and temperature on the production of invertase and ethanol. Applying optimized conditions (pH 4.6, 37ºC) at lab scale, industrial scale experiments in 300 m³ fermenters were performed. Mutants had completed fermentation with high efficiency in 28 hrs irrespective of parents that took 36 hrs. The mutant obtained is of great commercial value as it has the potential to enhance the overall profitability of the fermentation process through advancement in the quality of the final product.
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