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This paper identifies the driving forces of CO₂ emissions from 1990 to 2014 in Xinjiang’s transport sector based on the logarithmic mean divisia index (LMDI) method. Then we introduce the decoupling index to further quantitatively analyze the delinking indicators on the transport sector’s growth and environmental pressures. The results indicate that: 1) CO₂ emissions increased significantly with an average annual growth rate of 8.7%. On the contrary, energy intensity has declined constantly over the study period. 2) Economic growth, population size, industrial structure, internal structural and energy mix have proven to contribute to CO₂ emissions increases. Moreover, economic growth plays a critical role in the increment with a contribution of 13.23 million tons, followed by population size and internal structure. 3) Xinjiang’s transport witnessed a fluctuating decoupling progress with weak decoupling as the theme. In particular, the decoupling state moved from weak decoupling in 1991-2000 with short-term volatility to weak decoupling in 2001-2010. However, the coupling relationship was strengthened during 2011-2014. 4) Energy intensity is the most important factor for explaining the dissociation in Xinjiang’s transport sector. However, internal structural, industrial structure, and population size has turned out to be the obstacles in decoupling progress.
This study investigated the uptake capacity and bioaccumulation of heavy metal (Cu) in water using eight different aquatic plant species: Juncus effusus, Acorus calamus, Eichhornia crassipes, Sagittaria sagittifolia, Arundina graminifolia, Echinodorus major, Nymphaea tetragona and Pistia stratiotes. The results showed that Eichhornia crassipes and Pistia stratiotes have the best ability for bioaccumulation, while Arundina graminifolia, Nymphaea tetragona, and Acorus calamus also showed good bioaccumulation. However, Juncus effusus, Sagittaria sagittifolia, and Echinodorus major displayed very weak bioaccumulation. The enrichment capacity for Cu²⁺ in roots and shoots differed among species. Most of the Cu²⁺ was located in the shoot tissues of Juncus effuses, while for Sagittaria sagittifolia and Acorus calamus it accumulates in their root tissues. However, in the case of Echinodorus major the accumulation of copper content in root and shoot tissues is the same. The adsorption rates of heavy metal Cu in different aquatic plants were different. The adsorption rates of Eichhornia crassipus, Pistia stratiotes, Echinodorus major, and Nymphaea tetragona were higher than for Juncus effusus, Sagittaria sagittifolia, and Acorus calamus. When different aquatic plants reached the adsorption equilibrium, pH values were different. The Cu enrichment amount in aquatic plants was related to the content of lignin in plants, and the higher the content of lignin, the greater the amount of copper.
Paradermestes jurassiens gen. et sp. nov., a new dermestid beetle is described based on a well-preserved impression fossil collected from the Middle Jurassic Jiulongshan Formation in Daohugou Village, Shantou Township, Ningcheng County, Inner Mongolia, China, making it the oldest fossil of the family. Based on its size, no visible ocellus and laterally reduced hind coxal plates Paradermestes is placed in subfamily Dermestinae and tribe Paradermestini, trib. nov.
A new genus of Thanerocleridae, Archaeozenodosus bellus Yu and Kolibac gen. et sp. nov., is described and illustrated from the Upper Cretaceous (Cenomanian, ca. 99 Ma) amber near the Hukawng Valley of northern Myanmar, making it the first Mesozoic record of the family. Morphological characters preserved in the Burmese amber highlight the diversity of thaneroclerids during the Late Mesozoic and provide data for future phylogenetic studies of Thanerocleridae.
MEST and COPG2 in human MEST imprinted cluster are two of good candidate genes responsible for primordial growth retardation including Silver–Russell syndrome. In order to increase understanding of these genes in pigs, their cDNAs are characterized in this report. By real-time quantitative RT-PCR and polymorphism-based method, tissue and allelic expression of both genes were determined using F1 reciprocal Landrace × Rongchang pig crossbreds. The transcription levels of MEST differed between tissues and decreased as development proceeded. The gene was imprinted and paternally expressed in heart, stomach, skeletal muscle, kidney, lung, bladder,tongue and fat, while biallelic expression was detected in liver, small intestine and spleen of onemonth-old pigs. The porcine COPG2 was differentially expressed between neonatal tissues and showed biallelic expression in postnatal tissues. Furthermore, the transcript of COPG2 in bladder and small intestine increased with age. It is concluded that tissue expression of porcine MEST is similar to, while COPG2 differs from other mammalian homologues. In addition, porcine MEST has development-specific imprinting, but imprinting of COPG2 in mammals is controversial.
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