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The content of endogenous melanin in white Balb c and black C-57 Bl. mice affected Zn2+ and Co2+ accumulation, elimination and distribution following intraperitoneal administration of these ions. Elimination of Co2+ ions was significantly greater in white mice than in black mice. Accumulation of Zn2+ was higher than that of Co2+ and did not depend on melanin content in mice. The same response was observed upon administration of exogenous melanin. Both ions accumulated mainly in spleen and heart irrespective of melanin content.
Mononuclear cells play an important role in the regulation of microbe-induced inflammation, in part through their ability to secrete cytokines in response to microorganisms and their products. To evaluate the effects of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans-derived endotoxins on TNF-a induction, lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) isolated from soil and intestinal strain were used to stimulate peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The effect of these LPSs was assessed in comparison to that of LPSs from Escherichia coli, Salmonella minnesota and of lipid A from Salmonella minnesota. Level of TNF-a was measured by enzyme-linked immunosor­bent assay. D. desulfuricans LPSs at the highest dose (1000 ng/ml) displayed greater biological potency in inducing TNF-a secretion than other endotoxins used which indicates that these LPSs may act as a critical regulatory factor in bacteremia caused by these microorganisms.
The aim of this study was to determine whether Desulfovibrio desulfuricans-derived LPS stimulate the release of IL-6 and IL-8 from ECs and the expression of their adhesion molecules at the transcriptional level. Confluent monolayers of HUVEC were incubated in the absence or presence of 20 μg/ml and 60 μg/ml LPSs derived from the DdT and DdA bacterial strains. Also, the simultaneous stimulation of cells with LPSs and IL-1β was evaluated. The levels of cytokines released were measured using ELISA. LPS-activated HUVEC increased the secretion of both IL-6 and IL-8, which was not LPS dose dependent. The expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 was assessed by TR-PCR. The transcripts were detectable at all the concentrations (20, 40, 60 μg/ml) of LPSs used. These results suggest that D. desulfuricans LPS may activate immune functions in endothelial cells and influence the inflammatory response during bacteremia caused by these bacteria.
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