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Evaluation of water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes] and groundnut cake as dietary components in feeds for Oreochromis niloticus niloticus [L.]

100%

Ofojekwu P. C., Keke R. I., Asala G. N., Anosike J. C.

Acta Hydrobiologica

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1994

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tom 36

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nr 2

227-233

The results showed that good growth and protein utilization was obtained with diets containing 18.04-20% groundnut cake and 14.76 to 15% water hyacinth meals. Further increase in the dietary water hyacinth led to a decline in growth and protein utilization. In general the protein digestibility was poor.

2

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Prevalence of Mansonella perstans infections among the nomadic Fulanis of Northern Nigeria

88%

Anosike J. C., Dozie I. N. S., Onwuliri C. O. E., Nwoke B. E. B., Onwuliri V. A.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2005

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tom 12

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nr 1

The study was undertaken to investigate the prevalence and clinical manifestations of Mansonella perstans infection in the nomadic Fulanis of northern Nigeria. Physical examination of 755 consenting nomads for clinical manifestations of M. perstans infection was carried out between June 1996-September 2000. This was followed by parasitological examination of blood samples collected by finger prick method to identify microfilariae (mf). Data collected was stratified by locality, age and sex, and analyzed using the Chi-square test. Overall, 66 (8.7%) of 755 nomads were infected. Infection was higher in men (9.7%) than in women (6.5%) (p<0.05) and occurred in all age groups with highest prevalence in persons in the 4th (14.1%) and 5th (17.1%) decades of life. Fifty-six (81.8%) of the 66 nomads with mf had clinical manifestations with periodic dizziness (18.2%), body itching (15.2%) was the most prevalent while back pain (7.6%) was the least. The findings show that mansonelliasis is an important health problem in nomads. This underscores the need to establish a well-articulated Filariasis Control Programme for this group whose major health problems are rooted in their occupation and amplified by several contingencies of the environment.

3

Epidemiological implications of preferences of breeding sites of mosquito species in Midwestern Nigeria

88%

Okogun G. R. A., Nwoke B. E. B., Okere A. N., Anosike J. C., Esekhegbe A. C.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2003

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tom 10

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nr 2

4

Epidemiology of tree-hole breeding mosquitoes in the tropical rainforest of Imo State, South-East Nigeria

76%

Anosike J. C., Nwoke B. E. B., Okere A. N., Oku E. E., Asor J. E., Emmy-Egbe I. O., Adimike D. A.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2007

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tom 14

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nr 1

The study of tree-hole breeding mosquitoes was carried out in the tropical rainforest of Imo State Nigeria (two rural areas and two forest reserves in some parts of Orlu Senatorial Zone) between May – October 2002. Using standard entomological procedures, two macrohabitats (natural tree-holes and bamboo traps) and two microhabitats (leaf axils of cocoyams/pineapples and leaf axils of plantain/banana) were sampled for various mosquito species. Mosquitoes were recovered from all the various biotypes sampled. Types of mosquitoes species encountered, their relative abundance, as well as genera varied signifi cantly during the study (p<0.05). Four genera of mosquitoes: Aedes, Culex, Anopheles and Toxorhynchites were recovered while 16 species of mosquitoes encountered include: Aedes aegypti, Ae. africanus, Ae. simpsoni, Ae. albopictus, Ae. stokesi, Ae. taylori, Ae. apicoargenteus, Culex quinquefasciatus, Cx. nebulosus, Cx. trigripes, Cx. decens, Anopheles gambiae, An. funiestus, An. coustani and Toxorhynchites viridibasis. Most of the mosquitoes showed oviposition preferences for one or more habitats. The presence of Ae. africanus, Ae. simpsoni and Ae. aegypti indicate that the study areas were at risk of yellow fever epidemic. The presence of Anopheles and Culex species ensured endemicity of malaria and fi lariasis, while the recovery of Ae. albopictus in this region suggests a possible outbreak of dengue fever in future if not properly controlled.

5

Studies on vesical schistosomiasis among rural Ezza farmers in the Southwestern border of Ebonyi State, Nigeria

76%

Anosike J. C., Oguwuike U. T., Nwoke B. E. B., Asor J. E., Ikpeama C. A., Nwosu D. C., Ogbusu F. I.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2006

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tom 13

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nr 1

Studies on vesical schistosomiasis and its snail vectors were carried out between October 2001–May 2002 among rural Ezza farmers inhabiting the southwestern border of Ebonyi State, Nigeria. The people are predominantly farmers. Of the 2,104 urine specimens examined in 10 communities, 466 (22.1%) comprising 305 (23.7%) men and 161 (19.7%) women were infected with visible haematuria as the predominant presenting symptom. Ezza people associate bloody urine with sexually transmitted diseases. There were no significant differences in the prevalence rates amongst various villages and sexes (p>0.05). There was a gradual increase in the disease prevalence as the subjects’ age increases. About 78.3% of the infected persons are aged 0–20 years. Statistical analysis revealed that the prevalence, intensity and visible haematuria were significantly more (p<0.05) in subjects under the age of 20 than subjects above 20. Among the infected population, 183 (39.3%) and 283 (60.7%) were excreting 50 eggs/10 ml urine and above 50 eggs/10 ml urine respectively. Lack of visible haematuria is a more valid indicator of the absence of vesical schistosomiasis. Of the various snails collected during malacological survey, mainly B. globosus were infected. Possible control measures are discussed.

6

Lymphatic filariasis among the Ezza people of Ebonyi State, eastern Nigeria

52%

Anosike J. C., Nwoke B. E., Ajayi E. G., Onwuliri C. O., Okoro O. U., Oku E. E., Asor J. E., Amajuoyi O. U., Ikpeama C. A., Ogbusu F. I., Meribe C. O.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2005

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tom 12

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nr 2

181-186

A total of 1,243 Ezza people living in 10 communities of Ebonyi State, eastern Nigeria were examined between July 2002-January 2003 for lymphatic filariasis. This is the first time a filariasis survey due to Wuchereria bancrofti has been carried out in this state. Of the 1,243 persons examined, 210 (16.9%) had W. bancrofti microfilariae. Infection varied significantly among communities and ages (p<0.05) but not sex-related (p>0.05). The Ezza people are predominantly farmers and professional hired labourers. There was a close association between microfilaria rate and microfilaria -density in various age groups (r = 0.812; p<0.01). Microfilaria density is an important measure in the epidemiology, treatment and control of human filarisis in this endemic foci. Clinical signs and symptoms of the disease include elephantiasis, hydrocoele, dermatitis and periodic fever. Clinical symptoms without microfilaraemia and microfilaraemia without clinical symptoms were also observed. Of 1,603 mosquitoes dissected, Anopheles gambiae, An. funestus and Culex quinquefasciatus showed infectivity rates of 6.3%, 5.1% and 6.0% respectively. The affected persons and other key informants are unaware of the cause of the disease and attributed it to witchcraft, violation of taboo, bad water and food. Intervention strategies to be integrated into the on-going Community-Directed Treatment with Ivermectin (CDTI) project are discussed.

7

Prevalence of parasitic diseases among nomadic Fulanis of South-Eastern Nigeria

51%

Anosike J. C., Nwoke B. E. B., Onwuliri C. O. E., Obiukwu C. E., Duru A. F., Nwachukwu M. I., Ukaga C. N., Uwaezuoke J. C., Uduji O. S., Amajuoyi O. U., Nkem B. I.

Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine

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2004

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tom 11

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nr 2

A study was carried out to determine the prevalence of parasitic infections among the nomadic Fulanis of south-eastern Nigeria between September 2003-March 2004. Urine, stool and blood specimens were collected from each of 231 subjects. Of these, 98 (42.4%) were infected with one or more of 14 parasitic species, of which Plasmodium malariae had the highest prevalence (15.3%). Others included 6 intestinal helminth parasites: Ascaris lumbricoides, hookworm, Strongyloides stercoralis, Schistosoma mansoni, Enterobius vermicularis, Trichocephalus trichiurus, 2 protozoan parasites: Entamoeba histolytica and E. coli, 4 blood parasites: Mansonella perstans, Loa loa, Trypanosoma sp, Plasmodium falciparum, as well as Schistosoma haematobium recovered in the urine. Prevalence of these parasitic infections varied significantly among bush encampments, sexes, and age groups. They had evidence of onchocerciasis. Their occupational imperatives, beliefs and general life style are contributing factors to the prevalence of parasitic infections among the nomadic Fulanis of south eastern Nigeria. Aspects of prevalence and control of parasitic infections are discussed.

Ograniczanie wyników

Evaluation of water hyacinth [Eichhornia crassipes] and groundnut cake as dietary components in feeds for Oreochromis niloticus niloticus [L.]

Prevalence of Mansonella perstans infections among the nomadic Fulanis of Northern Nigeria

Epidemiological implications of preferences of breeding sites of mosquito species in Midwestern Nigeria

Epidemiology of tree-hole breeding mosquitoes in the tropical rainforest of Imo State, South-East Nigeria

Studies on vesical schistosomiasis among rural Ezza farmers in the Southwestern border of Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Lymphatic filariasis among the Ezza people of Ebonyi State, eastern Nigeria

Prevalence of parasitic diseases among nomadic Fulanis of South-Eastern Nigeria