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1

Changes in caffeine content during fruit development in Coffea canephora P. ex. Fr. grown at different elevations

100%
Sridevi V., Giridhar P.
Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences
|
2014
|
tom 04
|
nr 2
2

Endogenous profiles of indoleamines: serotonin and melatonin in different tissues of Coffea canephora P ex Fr. as analyzed by HPLC and LC-MS-ESI

81%
Ramakrishna A., Giridhar P., Sankar K. U., Ravishankar G. A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2012
|
tom 34
|
nr 1
Endogenous indoleamine profiles in various ex vitro and in vitro tissues of commercially important Coffea canephora were analyzed by using a high performance liquid chromatography and further confirmed with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. High content of serotonin (SER) (98.54 ± 5 µg/g) and melatonin (MEL) (115.25 ± 6 µg/g) were found in freshly harvested seeds of C. canephora followed by zygotic embryo (65.25 ± 4 and 96.54 ± 5 µg/g freshweight) and endosperm(34.08 ± 2 and 51.08 ± 4 µg/g fresh weight) of ripened fruits. Similarly endogenous pools of SER and MEL were moderate in in vitro tissues of C. canephora, i.e. callus (25.85 ± 2 and 75.74 ± 4), somatic embryos (31.88 ± 2 and 19.30 ±2 µg/g fresh weight) and in vitro regenerated plant stalk (15.78 ± 1 and 38.25 ± 3 µg/g fresh weight), respectively. In view of significant levels of both SER and MEL in various tissues and beans of Coffea, further investigations on their physiological role needs to be investigated.
3

Elicitors, SA and MJ enhance carotenoids and tocopherol biosynthesis and expression of antioxidant related genes in Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves

81%
Saini R. K., Harish Prashanth K. V., Shetty N. P., Giridhar P.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2014
|
tom 36
|
nr 10
Moringa oleifera Lam. leaves are rich source of carotenoids (provitamin A) and α-tocopherol (vitamin E), and there is a scope for their further enhancement, through elicitor mediation, thereby a great potential for addressing these vitamins deficiency. In the present study, we report the efficacy of foliar administration of biotic elicitors, carboxy-methyl chitosan and chitosan, and signaling molecules, methyl jasmonate (MJ) and salicylic acid (SA) for enhancement of major carotenoids and α-tocopherol. Highest α-tocopherol content of 49.7 mg/100 g FW was recorded upon foliar application of 0.1 mM SA after 24 h of treatment, which represented a 187.5 % increase in comparison to the untreated control. Similarly, a maximum of 52.6 mg/100 g FW lutein, and 21.8 mg/100 g FW β-carotene content were observed in leaves after 24 h of treatment with MJ, which represented a 54.0 and 20.3 % increase in comparison to the untreated control, respectively. Among the major genes of carotenoid biosynthetic pathway, the expression of lycopene β-cyclase (LCY-b) was maximum influenced after treatment with elicitors and signaling molecules, compared to phytoene synthase and phytoene desaturase, suggesting the LCY-β-mediated enhancement in the production of β-carotene in elicitor treated M. oleifera leaves. Enhanced production of atocopherol under respective elicitor treatment was further supported by 2.0–2.7 fold up-regulation of γ-tocopherol methyl transferase, compared to untreated control. This is the first report on elicitor-mediated enhanced production of tocopherol and carotenoids in foliage of economically important food plant.
4

Polyamines influence morphogenesis and caffeine biosynthesis in in vitro cultures of Coffea canephora P. ex Fr.

81%
Kumar V., Giridhar P., Chandrashekar A., Ravishankar G. A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2008
|
tom 30
|
nr 2
The influence of polyamines, polyamine inhibitors and ethylene inhibitors were tested in Coffea canephora for in vitro morphogenetic response and caffeine biosynthesis. Coffea canephora produced nonembryogenic and embryogenic calli. Somatic embryos were produced only from the embryogenic callus. Endogenous polyamine pools were estimated in these tissues. Somatic embryos were subjected to secondary embryogenesis under the influence of putrescine, silver nitrate and specific inhibitors of polyamine biosynthesis. Estimation of endogenous total polyamines revealed that embryogenic callus contained 11-fold more spermine and 3.3-fold higher spermidine when compared to non-embryogenic callus. Incorporation of polyamines resulted in 58% explant response for embryogenesis when compared to control with 42% response. Incorporation of silver nitrate resulted in 65% response for embryogenesis. Incorporation of polyamine biosynthetic pathway inhibitors DFMO and DFMA resulted in 83% reduction in embryogenic response with concomitant increase in caffeine levels by two-fold as compared to control. These results have clearly demonstrated that polyamines play a crucial role in embryogenesis and caffeine biosynthesis.
5
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HPLC and ESI-MS analysis of vanillin analogue 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehydein swallow root - the influence of habitat heterogeneity on antioxidant potential

81%
Pradeep M., Shetty N. P., Giridhar P.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2019
|
tom 18
|
nr 2
Decalepis hamiltonii Wight & Arn., is a plant species that is endemic to southern parts of India. The aim of this study is to explore the influence of habitat heterogeneity on total phenolics, flavonoids, flavor compound 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy benzaldehyde (2H4MB) and antioxidant potential of tubers. The flavor metabolite 2H4MB was quantified by HPLC using isocratic solvent system (methanol : acetonitrile : water : acetic acid 47 : 10 : 42 : 1) that indicates obvious difference in 2H4MB content of tubers with a maximum of 96.4 ±2.6 and 92.6 ±1.2 mg 100 g–1 dry weight basis (DW) in samples from B.R. Hills and Mysore area of Karnataka, followed by samples from Tirumalai Hills and Kurnool from Andhra Pradesh (89.02 ±0.9 mg 100 g–1 DW), Tamil Nadu (81.6 ±2.4 mg 100 g–1 DW) and Kerala (80.18 ±1.1 mg 100 g–1 DW) of tubers. There was variation in total phenolics, total flavonoids and 2H4MB content of root samples collected from different habitats. Also significant variation in free radical scavenging potential of methanol root extracts was noticed, which is directly proportional to the phenolics, and flavonoids content. Overall, there was 10–16% difference in content of 2H4MB in D. hamiltonii tubers that were collected from different natural habitats, and this habitat heterogeneity has to be considered vital, while using such tubers for edible purposes and food formulations.
6

RP-HPLC and transcript profile indicate increased leaf caffeine in Coffea canephora plants by light

81%
Kumar A., Simmi P. S., Naik G. K., Giridhar P.
Journal of Biology and Earth Sciences
|
2015
|
tom 05
|
nr 1
7

Endogenous polyamine profiles in different tissues of Coffea sp., and their levels during the ontogeny of fruits

81%
Sridevi V., Giridhar P., Ravishankar G. A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2009
|
tom 31
|
nr 4
Polyamines are essential compounds for growth and development in plants. An attempt has been made to find out the endogenous polyamine profiles in various parts and during the ontogeny of fruit formation of two commercially important Coffea species viz., arabica and canephora. Putrescine (Put), spermine (Spm) and spermidine (Spd) are the predominant polyamines during the ontogeny of fruit and their level increased with the advancement of fruit development. However, in the initial stages of flower and fruit development Spm levels were found to be decreased. Elevated levels of major polyamines Put, Spd, and Spm were observed in zygotic embryos than in somatic embryos. Along with this cadavarine (Cad) and other biogenic amines viz., tyramine (Tyr) and tryptamine (Try) were also found during the ontogeny of fruit in C. canephora. In this study the enodogenous polyamine profiles in coffee tissues and beans have been addressed.
8

Direct somatic embryogenesis from Coffea arabica L. and Coffea canephora P ex Fr. under the influence of ethylene action inhibitor-silver nitrate

71%
Giridhar P., Indu E. P., Vinod K., Chandrashekar A., Ravishankar G. A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2004
|
tom 26
|
nr 3
9

Direct shoot bud induction and plant regeneration in Capsicum frutescens Mill.: influence of polyamines and polarity

61%
Kumar V., Sharma A., Narasimha Prasad B. C., Gururaj H. B., Giridhar P., Ravishankar G. A.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2007
|
tom 29
|
nr 1
Direct shoot bud induction and plant regeneration was achieved in Capsicum frutescens var. KTOC. Aseptically grown seedling explants devoid of roots, apical meristem and cotyledons were inoculated in an inverted position in medium comprising of Murashige and Skoog (Physiol Plant 15:472–497, 1962) basal medium supplemented with 2-(N-morpholine) ethanesulphonic acid buffer along with 2.28 µM indole-3-acetic acid, 10 µM silver nitrate and either of 13.31– 89.77 µM benzyl adenine (BA), 9.29–23.23 µM kinetin, 0.91–9.12 µM zeatin, 2.46–9.84 µM 2-isopentenyl adenine. Profuse shoot bud induction was observed only in explants grown on a media supplemented with BA (26.63 µM) as a cytokinin source and 19.4 ± 4.2 shoot buds per explant was obtained in inverted mode under continuous light. Incorporation of polyamine inhibitors in the culture medium completely inhibited shoothoot bud induction. Incorporation of exogenous polyamines improved the induction of shoot buds under 24 h photoperiod. These buds were elongated in MS medium containing 2.8 µM gibberellic acid. Transfer of these shoots to hormone-free MS medium resulted in rooting and rooted plants were transferred to fields. This protocol can be efficiently used for mass propagation and presumably also for regeneration of genetically transformed C. frutescens.
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