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Kokcydia drobiu w Polsce

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Coproscopic (500) and post-mortem examinattions (100) were made with fowl from Lublin voivodeship. The extensivity of infection in adult hen was 6.6%. The following species were found: Eimeria tenella Railliet et Lucet (the most common), E. acervulina Tyzzer, E. brunetti Levine, E. mitis Tyzzer and E. maxima Tyzzer.
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Helmintifauna wilków (Canis lupus L.)

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The author examined the internal parasites of 18 wolves hunted down on the terrain of the Lublin province during the period 1950-1956. To this material were included also tapeworms from 14 wolves from the Białowieża virgin forest (Puszcza Białowieska) (1941-1943). The infection of the wolves from the Lublin province with worms amounted to 100 per cent. In the collected material the author differentiated 5 species of worms: Alaria alata (Goeze, 1782), Krause, 1914, Taenia hydatigena Pallas, 1766, Uncinaria stenocephala (Railliet, 1884), Crenosoma vulpis (Dujardin, 1845) and Trichinella spiralis (Oven, 1835) Railliet, 1895. The wolf proved to be a new host to Crenosoma vulpis (Dujardin, 1845). In the material collected in Białowieża the author found the following taeniae: Taenia hydatigena Pallas, 1766 and Mesocestoides lineatus Goeze, 1872. The highest number of species of parasites in the wolves was demonstrated in the Soviet Union. Their number reaches 15 species. Exclusively for this area were demonstrated out of the trematodes only Alaria alata, of the tapeworms: Diphyllobothrium decipens, Dipylidium pasquala, Taenia krabei and Taenia polyacantha. The followin nematodes were isolated: Toxocara leoninu, Ancylostoma caninum, Spirocerca lupi , Eucoleus aerophilus and Dioctophyme renale. Out of the Acanthocephala was isolated Ancicola skrjabini. On the Alaska terrains were isolated 8 species of worms out of them only the trematode Alaria canis was exlusive for Alaska. In Poland 6 species of worms were found. Up to the present time were demonstrated for Poland exclusively 3 species. They are Euparyphium malis, Crenosoma vulpis and Thominx böhmi.
Intermediate hosts of Protostrongylus rufescens and Muellerius capillaris were examined in province and laboratory conditions; pasture infection with larvae of P. rufescens was found in snails from Helicella obvia. In laboratory conditions, a full larval development of both Nemathelminthes could be obtained only in snails from Succinea putris, Helicella obvia and Cepaea vindobonensis.
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Fauna kokcydii u owiec w Polsce

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The line intersect method is recommended for coarse woody debris (CWD) inventories. This is due to the fact that for the CWD volume estimation with the assumed standard error (SE), the total time of measurements using line sampling units is shorter than when using the fixed−area sample units. The aim of the research was to determine: (1) the number and size of sample units whose use will allow achieving the assumed SE of the CWD volume estimation, and (2) dependence of this number and size of sample units on the quantity of CWD. The research material was collected from 131 sample units (sampling lines) with a length of 50.48 m each. They were systematically located in the stands (128 ha) on Bukowa Góra in the Roztocze National Park (south−east Poland). Data concerning the intersection points of the sampling line (in relation to its beginning) with the axis of a downed log, made it possible to simulate the measurement using shorter sampling lines (4, 8, …, 44 m) than the original ones. The simulation was performed using the original data (when the average CWD volume was 73 m³/ha), which also represented an inventory unit in which the CWD volume accounted for 10, 40 and 70% of the original value. These data were obtained by a random elimination of the appropriate portion of trees. The relationship between the single−tree−plot coefficient of variation (calculated for such a size of a sample unit which on average contains only one log) and the length of the sampling line was determined (figs. 2 and 3). On this basis the number of sample units necessary to obtain the assumed SE value of the target variable was determined (tab. 1). Using the data on labour consumption of individual measurement operations, the total working time was calculated for such a number of sample units that would guarantee obtaining the assumed SE of the CWD volume estimation (tab. 2). The total time of measurements was longer in an inventory unit with scarcer CWD resources (figs. 5 and 6). The optimal (due to the time of measurements needed to achieve the assumed SE of the CWD volume estimation) line length occurred within the range of 4−150 m. The use of sample units with a length of 60−150 m each was recommended in forests with the average CWD volume over 30 m³/ha, and with a length of 150−200 m in forest with sparser CWD resources.
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