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Effects of two water disinfectants (chloramine T and peracetic acid) on the epidermis and gills of Garra rufa used in human ichthyotherapy

100%

Sirri R., Zaccaroni A., Di Biase A., Mordenti O., Stancampiano L., Sarli G., Mandrioli L.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2013

tom 16

nr 3

Doctor fish (Garra rufa) have recently been used for aesthetic purposes and as a medical treatment in patients with psoriasis (ichthyotherapy). For this particular kind of human therapy it is essential to guarantee adequate hygienic conditions for both people and fish. The aim of this study was to test two concentrations of water disinfectants, chloramine T and peracetic acid, on Garra rufa to ascertain possible exposure damage to the epidermis and gills. Fish were exposed to 2 mg/l and 10 mg/l of chloramine T and to 15 μl/l and 45 μl/l of peracetic acid in a 40-minute static bath up to six times a day for one week. The epidermis and gills were checked for histological changes and the number of epidermal mucous cells, club cells and taste buds were quantified; mucous cells were also characterized histochemically to detect alterations in mucin production. No mortality or severe histological changes were found in treated or control fish. Cell count showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in mucous cells (mean 49.1 ± 6.7 vs 37.0 ± 13.1 of controls) in animals treated with peracetic acid independently of the dose. Club cell number showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in fish treated with 2 mg/l of chloramine T (mean 74.3 ± 15.6) and with 45 μl/l of peracetic acid (mean 78.17 ± 10.5) compared to controls (mean 107.0 ± 19.2). Histochemical evaluation of mucous cells did not reveal changes in mucin type in fish exposed to the two disinfectants. The results suggest a good tolerability of Garra rufa to the two disinfectants at the concentrations tested.

Effects of waterborne copper on gills catalase and blood biochemistry in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)

84%

Isani G., Sarli G., Andreani G., Brunetti B., Marrocco R., Carpene E., Beha G., Morandi F., Benazzi C.

Journal of Elementology

2012

tom 17

nr 2

Cu is a transition metal essential for every organism, but an excess can lead to toxicity caused by oxidative stress, which can disturb the natural antioxidant defence systems. Since catalase (CAT) is a major enzyme involved in the decomposition of oxygen peroxide, the main goal of this study was to evaluate changes in the concentration and activity of CAT by means of enzymatic and immunohistochemical methods. Modifications in the blood biochemistry profile of Cu-exposed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) were also studied. In gills of the exposed fish, Cu significantly increased throughout the study to a maximum of 6.9±4.7 μg g–1 wet weight at the end of the treatment. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) evidenced a brown cytoplasmic stain in the epithelial cells of the primary and secondary lamellae and in pillar cells, while enzyme activity was localized in the epithelium and pillar cells of both primary and secondary lamellae and appeared as a strong cytoplasmic stain particularly at the base of the primary lamellae. IHC and enzymohistochemistry (EHC) quantitative analysis suggested that the main variations in amount and activity of the enzyme were recorded 15 days after exposure (both IHC and EHC expressed a decrease in CAT in exposed fish compared to controls, P<0.0001) and 28 days after exposure (IHC recorded increased CAT in exposed specimens compared to controls, P<0.0001; EHC evidenced a decrease in CAT in exposed subjects compared to controls, P<0.0001). The biochemical blood profile was monitored with a standard blood biochemistry panel. An increase in plasma urea was evident only in exposed fish, while – as a function of time – a decrease of glucose in both exposed and control fish was apparent. The three investigation methods evidenced that CAT was effective against Cu toxicity, and the increase in plasma urea could be considered a suitable metabolic marker of Cu exposure in fish.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Journal of Elementology

1 Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2 Sarli G.

1 Andreani G.

1 Beha G.

1 Benazzi C.

1 Brunetti B.

1 Carpene E.

1 Di Biase A.

1 Isani G.

1 Mandrioli L.

1 Marrocco R.

1 Morandi F.

1 Mordenti O.

1 Sirri R.

1 Stancampiano L.

1 Zaccaroni A.

1 2013

1 2012

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Effects of two water disinfectants (chloramine T and peracetic acid) on the epidermis and gills of Garra rufa used in human ichthyotherapy

Effects of waterborne copper on gills catalase and blood biochemistry in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.)