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1

Key to Immortality-the potential role of adult pluripotent stem cells (VSELs) in tissue and organ regeneration

100%
Zuba-Surma E.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2011
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tom 71
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nr 1
The main purpose of regenerative medicine is to improve irreversible damage of organs including brain and neural tissues by harnessing the capacity of stem cells in process of tissue repair and renewal. Several types of stem cells including mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells as well as neural cells differentiated from embryonic stem cell lines have been postulated as potential source of therapeutical cells. Recently, it has been found that murine bone marrow (BM) contains a mobile population of Oct-4+CXCR4+SSEA-1+Sca-1+LinCD45- very small embryonic like stem cells (VSELs) that may be mobilized into peripheral blood due to the tissue injury including stroke. The number of these cells in circulation may be also efficiently increased after pharmacological mobilization such as administration of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). VSELs have been also identified in other adult tissues and organs and interestingly, the highest number of cells resembling VSEL phenotype was found in brain tissue. Recent molecular studies investigating the genetic and epigenetic status of VSELs indicate that these cells represent a mobile population of epiblast/ germ line derived stem cells and play an important role as organresiding reserve population of pluripotent stem cells that gives rise to stem cells committed to particular organs and tissues - including neural tissue. Moreover, a similar population of very small CXCR4+CD133+CD34+SSEA-4+Oct-4+Lin-CD45- cells resides also in human bone marrow and umbilical cord blood. Such population may be also detected in peripheral blood of patients with acute myocardial infarction, stroke, unhealed wound as well as suffering with tumors, which injuries and diseases may trigger mobilization of VSELs into blood. It has been shown that VSELs reveal the regenerative potential when injected into injured tissues in vivo, in experimental model of heart ischemia and reperfusion. We conclude that VSELs which exhibit pluripotent characteristics, are mobilized to blood due to a tissue injury and possess regenerative capacity in injured tissues, may represent promising population for future applications regenerative medicine including novel therapies for brain injury treatment.
2

Impact of developmental origin, niche mechanics and oxygen availability on osteogenic differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

51%
Bryniarska N., Kubiak A., Labedz-Maslowska A., Zuba-Surma E.
Acta Biochimica Polonica
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2019
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tom 66
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nr 4
3
Content available remote

Stem cells for neural regeneration - a potential application of very small embryonic-like stem cells

39%
Ratajczak J., Zuba-Surma E., Paczkowska E., Kucia M., Nowacki P., Ratajczak M. Z.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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2011
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tom 62
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nr 1
The goal of regenerative medicine is to ameliorate irreversible destruction of brain tissue by harnessing the power of stem cells in the process of neurogenesis. Several types of stem cells, including mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, as well as neural cells differentiated from embryonic stem cell lines, have been proposed as potential therapeutic vehicles. In this review paper we will discuss a perspective of stem cell therapies for neurological disorders with special emphasis on potential application of cells isolated from adult tissues. In support of this our group found that murine bone marrow contains a mobile population of Oct-4+CXCR4+SSEA-1+Sca-1+lin–CD45– very small embryonic-like stem cells (VSELs) that are mobilized into peripheral blood in a murine stroke model. The number of these cells in circulation increases also after pharmacological mobilization by administration of granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). Recently we found that VSELs are present in various non-hematopoietic adult organs and, interestingly, our data indicate that the brain contains a high number of cells that display the VSEL phenotype. Based on our published data both in human and mice we postulate that VSELs are a mobile population of epiblast/germ line-derived stem cells and play an important role as an organ-residing reserve population of pluripotent stem cells that give rise to stem cells committed to particular organs and tissues - including neural tissue. In conclusion human VSELs could be potentially harnessed in regenerative medicine as a source of stem cells for neurogenesis.
4
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Physiological and pathological consequences of identification of very small embryonic like [VSEL] stem cells in adult bone marrow

39%
Kucia M., Zuba-Surma E., Wysoczynski M., Dobrowolska H., Reca R., Ratajczak J., Ratajczak M. Z.
Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement
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2006
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tom 57
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nr 5
5-18
Bone marrow (BM) contains a population of self-renewing hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) that give rise to cells from all hemato-lymphopoietic lineages. The concept that HSC could also be plastic and be able to transdifferentiate into stem/progenitor cells for different non-hematopoietic tissues became one of the most controversial issues of modern stem cell biology. Accumulating experimental evidence suggests that contribution of BM-derived stem cells to organ/tissue regeneration could be explained not by plasticity (transdifferentiation) of HSC but rather by the presence of non-hematopoietic stem cells in BM. In this review new evidence will be presented, that adult BM contains a small population of pluripotent very small embryonic-like (VSEL) stem cells. These cells are deposited in BM early during ontogenesis and could be mobilized from BM and circulate in peripheral blood during tissue/organ injury in an attempt to regenerate damaged organs. However, if these cells are mobilized at the wrong time and migrate to the wrong place they may contribute to the development of several pathologies, including tumor formation.
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