INTRODUCTION: All mammals have the six-layered brain neocortex and neurons of upper layers (III/II) forming interhemispheric connections link the two cerebral hemispheres. In marsupials the interhemispheric connections of the neocortex pass via the anterior commissure, ed to show dramatically reduced number of actively proliferating cells in SGZ, however, molecular and cellular mechanisms of proliferation deficiency in the SVZ still need to be characterized. AIM(S): In our study, we investigated the role of cyclin D2 in SVZ neural progenitors proliferation activity, migration of neuroblasts and their differentiation to olfactory bulb interneurons. METHOD(S): In order to assess in details proliferation activity, wildtype (WT) and cyclin D2-knockout (cD2-KO) mice were injected with EdU, a thymidine analogue, and analyzed together with endogenous proliferation marker Ki67, enabling quantification of cells at different cell cycle stages. RESULTS: We observed a significant reduction in the number of EdU(+) and/or Ki67(+) progenitors along anterior-posterior and dorsal-ventral axis of the SVZ. We also revealed differences in expression of transcription factors between cD2-WT and cD2-KO mice, bearing in mind SVZ mosaic organization and that certain SVZ domains produce certain subpopulations of interneurons. CONCLUSIONS: Understanding of the mechanisms governing adult neurogenesis at the cellular and molecular level may lead towards cell-based therapies in neurodegenerative diseases or after brain injuries. FINANCIAL SUPPORT: Supported by the National Science Center (NCN) grant no UMO-2012/07/B/ NZ4/01733 and partially by the National Center for Research and Development (NCBiR) grant Strategmed Regennova (235077/9/ NCBR/2014).
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