The paper presents information about nineteen species of 5 families of scaleinsects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) known from Górki Czechowskie in Lublin (SE Poland). Data on host, biotopes, distribution, zoogeographical region are presented.
The paper presents information about the scale insects species (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) that produce honeydew in Poland. The data about the role of honeydew and honeydew acitivity are given.
68 species from 10 families of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccinea) were found in the Lublin Upland including 24 species previously known and 44 new for the region. This number constitutes 49.6% of the Polish coccid fauna, and now the Lublin Upland belongs to better explored regions in Poland.
The study was carried out in a greenhouse of the UMCS Botanical Garden, Lublin in 2005–2007. During this period ornamental tropical plants were under chemical and mechanical pest control. Yellow and blue sticky traps were positioned randomly at the height of 30–80 cm above the ground. A total number of 69 277 individuals of the glasshouse whitefly were caught with yellow and blue sticky traps. The species was more numerous yellow traps (65 555 individuals). Mechanical and chemical treatment reduced the species population. Chemical pesticides were particularly effective when applied at the time of a high density of the pest population, however, did not eliminate it completely. Shortly after performed treatments the hemipteran rebuilt its population. Every year mechanical management of the greenhouse whitefly, performed in autumn, maintained the pest population at a low level.
The aim of presented investigation was to determine the composition of scale insects species and intensity of their occurrence on some greenhouse’s ornamental plants. The investigations were carried out in the greenhouse of Maria Curie Skłodowska Botanical Garden in Lublin in years 2002–2004. Eight species belonging to seven botanical families were observed: Abutilon striatum cv. Thomsoni, Cyrtomium falcatum Presl., Dizygotheca elegantissima (Veitch), Hedera helix L., Hypoestes phyllostachya Presl., Nerium oleander L., Passiflora guadrangularia L., Ruscus aculeatus L. The quantitative analysis of the studied material was performed making use of the following ecological indicators: number and density. Identification of the scale insects species was performed on the basis of microscope slides. Three species of the scale insects belonging to three families were observed on ornamental plants: Pseudococcidae [Pseudococcus maritimus (Ehrh.)], Coccidae [Saissetia coffeae (Walker)] and Diaspididae (Aspidiotus nerii Bouchè). The scale insects were noted on all species of studied plants. Observed scale insects are typical polyphagous and all of them are considered as harmful pests in greenhouses. Among scale insects inhabiting this group of plants distinctly numerous on particular host plants were S. coffea and A. nerii. On the studied plants scale insects were stated at four degree of density.
Coloured sticky traps are one of the most important tools for monitoring greenhouse pests. They allow to determine the need or appropriate time of treatment applications against phytophagous, evaluate effectiveness of previous control actions and reduce their number. The study was carried out in a greenhouse of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin Botanical Garden from March 30, 2005 to March 30, 2007 and was aimed at determining the population dynamics of Ctenosciara hyalipennis (Meigen) as well as the efficacy of two types of sticky traps in monitoring the number of the pest. During the study a total number of 12 263 specimens of this species, had been caught. These insects were the most numerous on yellow traps (7 915 specimens). During the entire study period some significant differences were demonstrated between the daily number of C. hyalipennis in relation to the color of traps. In season I, the mean number of this species specimens caught during a day on a trap was 2.75 for yellow traps and 2.59 for blue traps. During the study season I (30.03.2005–28.03.2006), the maximum of abundance was recorded from the third decade of May to the second decade of June, 2005 and in the third decade of March, 2006. In the study season II (28.03.2006–30.03.2007), the median of this species was 2.52 specimens. In this case the highest abundance of C. hyalipennis was observed from the beginning of the season to the first decade of May, 2006. An average number of this species caught on blue traps during a day was 1.88 specimens. The study proved that coloured sticky traps may be a useful tool in monitoring the presence and density of sciarid flies in greenhouse production. Yellow traps appeared to be more effective in monitoring and catching adult specimens of C. hyalipennis as compared to blue traps. However according to the literature, yellow sticky traps capture more natural enemies than other colours. Blue sticky traps can be also used to monitor the C. hyalipennis population in greenhouses production where biological control program is applied.
The authors discuss the occurrence of Porphyrophora polonica (L.) in Poland, basing on the analyses of both historical materials as well as their own research carried during recent years. The information about host plants and life cycle of P. polonica is also given.
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