Background. Experimentally, the root extract of Salacia reticulata has been found to have potent hypoglycemic activity both in normal and in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, the decoction of S. reticulata roots is used in the treatment of rheumatism, gonorrhea, itching and swelling, asthma, thirst, amenorrhea and dysmenorrhea. The aim of the study. The efficacy of the plant extract of Salacia reticulata Wight (hippocrataceae) was tested on albino rats (Wistar strain) in which diabetes were induced by administration of alloxan. Methods. The rats were grouped into diabetic control, insulin treated and various extracts of Salacia reticulata Wight treated. The effect of extract on blood glucose level after 15 and 30 days of treatment, serum cholesterol and triglyceride level was assessed after 30 days of treatment. Results. The fall in the blood glucose level in rats treated with ethyl acetate fraction was more followed by ethanol extract, insulin treatment, water extract and diethyl ether extracts. The insulin treated rats had a significant fall in serum cholesterol level followed by ethanol, diethyl ether and petroleum ether extracts. Serum triglyceride level was not influenced by any of the extract treatment. Conclusions. Our study confirms the percentage of hypoglycemic effect exerted by all the different fractions almost correspond with the level of action exerted by insulin. Hence we strongly recommend the use of Salacia reticulata Wight extract in diabetic condition
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