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1

The breeding distribution and migratory movements of the Red-footed Falcon [Falco vespertinus] in province Voivodina [Southern part of Carpathian Basin]

100%
Purger J. J., Muzinic J.
The Ring
|
1997
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tom 19
|
nr 1-2
2

Ground nesting in recultivated forest habitats - a study with artificial nests

81%
Purger J. J., Meszaros L. A., Purger D.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2004
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tom 39
|
nr 2
The study was carried out in the outskirts of the town of Pécs (southern Hungary) in a recultivated former coal mine. Bordered by Turkey Oak forests, this open area forms a wedge-shaped clearing in that woodland. Since trees and taller shrubs are rare in the area, it is mainly ground nesting bird species that occur in the clearing. In order to discover whether it is more advantageous to nest in the recultivated area (clearing) than in the nearby forest or at its edges, 150 artificial ground nests were constructed. On 7 May 2002, one quail egg and a plasticine egg of similar size were placed in each of the artificial nests. After a week it was found that 24% of nests in the clearing, 30% of those in the forest edge, and 44% of the ones inside the forest had suffered depredation. The proportions of damaged plasticine and quail eggs inside the forest and at the forest edge were similar, whereas the quail eggs in the clearings were significantly less damaged than plasticine eggs. Of all the experimental eggs, significantly more plasticine eggs (29%) were damaged than quail eggs (17%), which suggests that small-bodied predators are unable to break the quail eggs. 18% of the plasticine eggs attacked, and 72% of the quail eggs attacked were removed from the nest by the predator. Among the predators, small mammals were dominant in the clearing and inside the forest, and birds at the forest edge. Based on the predation of quail eggs, the survival chances of ground nests in the clearing are greater than at the forest edge or inside the forest.
3

Survival chances of ground nests in a meadow habitat: a case study in Vrana Lake Nature Park (Mediterranean region, Croatia)

81%
Purger J. J., Muzinic J., Purger D.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2012
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tom 60
|
nr 1
The number of ground-nesting bird species in meadows, one of the most vulnerable habitats in the ornithological reserve of Vrana Lake Nature Park has decreased in recent decades. Nest survival rates were investigated in meadows and reed beds using nest predation experiments in late March and in May 2005. Predators damaged 18% of the 50 artificial nests placed in the pasture meadow habitat in March and 22% in May. Daily survival rate of nests were found to be similar in March (97%) and May (96%). In May, 64% of 25 nests located in the reed bed were discovered by the predators, with the daily survival rate of nests (90%) being significantly lower than that of nests in the nearby meadow. The results suggest that the reasons for the decreasing number of nesting bird species may be – instead of the pronounced presence and activity of predators in the area – the shrinkage of meadow area, the lack of buffer zone, the proximity of agricultural lands, and disturbance caused by intensive grazing.
4

Predation survival of ground nesting birds in grass and wheat fields: experiment with plasticine eggs and artificial nests

81%
Purger J. J., Csuka S., Kurucz K.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2008
|
tom 56
|
nr 3
481-486
There are no agricultural activities in Hungarian energy grass plantations (Elymus elongatus (Host) Runemark before harvesting in August, so the breeding success of the ground-nesting Common pheasant (Phasianus colchicus L.) and Common quail (Coturnix coturnix (L.)) is probably higher than in the neighbouring intensively managed grain fields. The dominant nest predators of these bird species (e.g. Red fox Vulpes vulpes L.) prey mostly on small mammals, thus the abundance of small mammals can influence the survival rates of ground-nesting birds. These assumptions were tested using artificial ground-nests and small mammal live traps in late May 2005. Of the nests, 25 were placed in the energy grass field which covered 60 ha and another 25 in the wheat field which area was 20 ha. Each of the nests contained one chicken egg, one quail egg and one plasticine dummy-egg. Real eggs were placed for the evaluation of nest predation rates and artificial plasticine eggs for predator identification from tooth and bill imprints. Following the placement of artificial nests, they were checked repeatedly between 16.00 and 18.00 every day. In both plots, 25 traps were set up, baited for 4 nights with quail egg and for another 4 nights with plasticine egg. Artificial nests lasted for 3 days in the wheat field and for 4 days in the energy grass field. The major predators in wheat were birds (16%) and mammals (84%), whereas in energy grass all predation (100%) was caused by mammals. There was no significant difference between types of predators in the two habitats. On-spot observations, traces and marks left on plasticine eggs, several droppings and the patterns of nest predation all suggested that the majority of nests were destroyed by Red fox. A significantly higher proportion of plasticine eggs were damaged in wheat (80%) than in energy grass (48%). Based on marks left on plasticine eggs, small mammal abundance was higher in wheat (80%) than in energy grass (33%), the latter habitat not yielding any small mammal captures at all. Traps in the wheat field caught significantly more small mammals with plasticine eggs (14) than with quail eggs (5). Plasticine eggs had greater attraction effect on small mammals, thus could negatively influence experiments with artificial ground nests.
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