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Rolnictwo ekologiczne w Polsce jako Przykład realizacji koncepcji rozwoju zrównoważonego

100%
Durydiwka M.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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1998
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tom 23
Ecological farming, as opposed in its operation to the principles of the conventional agricultural production, fulfils the fundamental functions related to sustainable development, such as: preservation of the definite quality of the environment, rational economy of natural resources, and ensuring the desired health status of the population. Ecological farming triggers also undertaking of the pro-ecological economic activities, including, in particular, establishment of small food processing plants or the development of agritourism. Ecological forms display certain specific features in social and property terms, as well as in terms of organization and technology, and production itself. The economic functions of ecological farms are subordinated to the ecological functions. This fact results from the prerequisites of ecological farming. That is why the regions endowed with the especially highly valuable natural environment, including national and landscape parks and their protection zones, provide particularly adequate perspectives for the development of the ecological farming in Poland. Until now, though, location of ecological forms has not always coincided with the areas of high environmental qualities. The spatial distribution of ecological forms in Poland is namely also influenced significantly by such foctors as the ecological awareness of the inhabitants of a given region, access to information and to innovations, as well as the emerging market for ecological food products.
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Ekologiczne aspekty polskiego rolnictwa

100%
Durydiwka M.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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1996
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tom 18
Development of conventional agriculture, based upon chemization and mechanization of production processes became an important source of pollution of the natural environment, and thereby also of food products. The damages thus intlicted are often irreversible and may constitute a barrier for further conduct of agricultural activities. That is why in numerous countries a turn took place towards ecological agriculture. Significant achievements were noted in promotion of ecological agriculture in several countries of Western Europe, especially in Germany. Common Agricultural Policy has for the last dozen of years been promoting the nature-friendly production technologies in agriculture. Simultaneously, in Poland, more and more often voices are heard speaking of ecologization of agriculture, especially in view of the fact that a large number of small, multifunction farms and high level of employment in agriculture are advantageous for introduction of the ecologically oriented technologies of production, which are more labour intensive than the conventionally developed ones. A rationally conducted program of ecologization of agriculture could bring about many positive effects.
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Turystyka kulinarna – nowy (?) trend w turystyce kulturowej

100%
Durydiwka M.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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2013
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tom 52
The term "culinary tourism" was introduced by L. Long in 1998, as a method of experiencing other cultures through food. Despite of its many definitions, culinary tourism (or food tourism) can undoubtedly be regarded as a form of cultural tourism (Fig. 3). A. Kowalczyk (2008) points out three reasons for including food tourism in cultural tourism. First, culinary traditions and foodways are integrally related to cultural traditions. Second, culinary tourists get to know other cultures through the consumption of new dishes, ways of serving them, and a broadly defined eating culture. Third, during the „culinary travels”, tourists visit new places, meet their inhabitants, visit places of interest, and get to know local history and traditions. Food tourism is not a new phenomenon. Its origins go back to the Grand Tour travels (17th - 19th c.), although this form of travel involved a small number of tourists and was limited mainly to wine tourism. Nowadays, we can note three aspects which add new dimensions to food tourism, namely: - a growing number of participants in culinary travels (15% of the total number of tourists) and a significant variety of their motivations and expectations; - a significant variety of tourist attractions on offer, both in their thematic aspects (such as wine tourism, beer tourism, Thai cuisine, cuisine of the Podlasie region, and so on), as well as formal ones (such as restaurants, vineyards, breweries, culinary routes, culinary festivals, and so on); - institutionalisation and formalisation of culinary tourism, which results from its growing popularity and from its being regarded as a factor in development and promotion of selected towns or regions. Food tourism is therefore regarded as a means of experiencing regions and/or countries, but gradually, it is also treated as an element of regional development. Its importance is therefore defined not only in its cultural, but also in its economic (commercial) dimension.
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Turystyka przygodowa

100%
Durydiwka M.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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2003
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tom 32
Currently, tourism is one of the basic branches of the global economy. Its rapid development in the second half of the 20th century was one of the most characteristic manifestations of the transformation from industrial to post-industrial society and an important measure of civilisational development (Kowalczyk, 2000). More and more frequently, tourism is referred to as an industry, even though the term leads to a lot of controversy both among theoreticians and practitioners from the sector (Alejziak, 2000). It seems however, that the term "tourist industry'' emphasizes not only the mass character of tourism, but also the huge aggression of many forms of tourism in relation to the natural environment. Adventure tourism is one of the forms of contemporary tourism that are gaining in popularity. It assumes a higher or lesser level of physical activity, and therefore represents "active leisure outdoors, taking place in an unusual, exotic, remote or wild area" (Fennell, 2000). Page and Dowling (2002) have a similar view, defining adventure tourism as activity-oriented tourism in the natural environment the authors stress that it is based on contact with nature; it involves physical challenges, but also contains an educational component. Thus, adventure tourism can assume various forms and dimensious. Page and Dowling (2002) distinguish three types of adventure tourism: small-scale tourism with numerous elements of ecotourism (bird watching, scuba diving); (2) middle-scale, sport-oriented tourism (e.g. canoeing, rafting); (3) large-scale tourism, manifesting features of mass tourism (e.g. safari). Fennell (2000), in order to avoid problems with defining the boundary between adventure tourism, cultural tourism and ecotourism, suggests to introduce the acronym ACE (adventure, cultural, ecotourism) (Fig. 3). The term has become popular with practitioners and organisers of tourism, mainly because it implies the generation of a compound tourist product, combining many various attractions, as opposed to specialised tourist products. Such a compound product may be popular with a broad group of consumers, hoping for diverse sensations during their tourist travels.
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Ruch turystyczny — z centrum ku peryferiom

100%
Durydiwka M.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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2009
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tom 42
From 1950 to 2005, international tourist arrivals grew from 25 million to 903 million. Europe and North America are the world's largest and most mature destination regions, accounting for over 60% of all international tourist arrivals. But some decentralization of tourist arrivals has been sighted, especially from 1990s. In 1950, Europe - as the destination region - absorbed 66,7% of all international tourist arrivals, and in 2007 – only 53,6%. The similar tendency is observed in North America. In the other side, the significance of Asia and Pacific - as the destination regions - is growing up. The gradual process of decentralization has been sighted in the field of tourist departures, too. The most of tourists is still come from European countries and USA, but in the top of so-called demand markets are also Japan and China. Analysis of directs of tourist travels permits us to notice a number of regularities. According to Christaller's (1964) theory of peripheries, tourist movement is generated by people from well-developed regions, called central regions, and main tourist destination regions are backward regions, so-called peripheries. Proving Christaller's thesis, five legs of tourist peripheries shaping have been defined by R. Prosser (1994) and four - by E. Gormsen (1997).
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Rolnicze wykorzystanie ziemi w mieście i gminie Piaseczno

100%
Durydiwka M.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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1992
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tom 13
Location of town and commune of Piaseczno in close vicinity of Warsaw has essential influence upon agricultural use of land. Areas used agriculturally are decreasing due to the fact that they are turned over to various non-agricultural uses, in particular to housing and industrial construction as well as transport investment projects. Simultaneously, close distance to the great demand market of Warsaw is advantageous for the development of resource-intensive directions of agricultural production, especially horticultural ones, in which the optimal acreage of a farm, given intensive production, can be relatively small.
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Wybrane aspekty przekształceń strukturalnych we wsiach Ponidzia

51%
Durydiwka M., Grochowski M., Osinski S.
Prace i Studia Geograficzne
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2000
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tom 27
In the 1990s, the residents of the villages situated in the Nida Valley (Ponidzie) - just as elsewhere in Poland - found themselves in a difficult economic situation. Changes in rural areas, especially the positive ones, are taking place at a lower pace than those in towns and cities, while some farmers are barely trying to adapt themselves to the new reality, let alone change it. Diversification, or rather polarisation of the situation of individual villages and farms, is easily visible. Those villages and farms whose residents are younger, more educated and enterprising, are enjoying amore favourable situation. The most serious problem facing the rural areas in the Pińczów region and in the entire Nida Valley is the creation of new jobs with a view to reduce employment in agriculture. This is even more important owing to the fact that a large part of the population working in farms do not use their full potential. Therefore, the region' s rural areas perform a kind of social function, providing a "reserve pool" for open and hidden unemployment. Developing activities in other sectors than agriculture in farms may become one of the reasons alleviating the effects of agrarian overpopulation and lead to its improved productivity. It seems that in the present economic situation this is the most viable reason, since it is rather difficult to expect that the towns of the Ponidzie might absorb such a large group in the near future. However, the development of activities outside agriculture in farms requires same support from the state, for example in the form of increased availability of investment loans. The creation of new jobs in rural areas (outside agriculture) will be coupled with the development of economic activity. Cottage industry might play a major role in this respect, since it does not require any substantial capital expenditure and rewards ingenuity and organisation of orders. At the same time, the absorptive power of the market, particularly abroad, for wicker products, regional lace, tablecloth etc., is quite high (Duczkowska-Małysz, 1998). In the region, the development of small production facilities ( e.g. manufacture of building materials, carpentry, processing of agricultural produce) and various types of services might significantly affect the process of job creation. The attractiveness of the natural environment of the Ponidzie region may act as a driver for the development of rural tourism, including agri-tourism. This, however, would have to be preceded by investing in infrastructure facilities in the region's villages.
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