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Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) specific to avian pneumoviruses were obtained for the diagnosis of turkey rhinotracheitis (TRT) and swollen head syndrome (SHS). The vaccinal BUT strain of TRT virus was used as an antigen for mouse immunisation. The virus was propagated in a Vero cell culture followed by purification and concentration by ultracentrifugation. The obtained antigen was used for threefold Balb/c mouse immunisation. The spleen from a mouse with the highest anti-TRT antibody level was sampled. Fusion of splenic cells with Sp2/0-Ag 14 myeloma cells was conducted in the presence of PEG-1450. The ELISA and peroxidase-linked assay (PLA) were used to detect antibodies specific to TRT virus in the sera of immunised mice, in the supernatant of hybridoma cell cultures and in the ascitic fluid of mice. The antigenic specificity of MAbs was determined by the immunoblotting technique and their isotype by agar gel immunodifusion method and ELISA. Seven secretive clones were obtained from 2 fusions. The MAbs produced by the clones were detected by the PLA and in the case of 3 clones the ELISA was used. One clone secreted the IgG2a and the remaining clones the lgG1 immunoglobulines. All MAbs recognised the surface G glycoprotein. The MAbs obtained were successfully used to distinguish the Polish avian pneumovirus APV isolates and to detect the virus in the tissues of the respiratory system of chickens infected experimentally.
The aim of the study was to compare immunoperoxidase (IP) and Antigen-Capture ELISA (AC-ELISA) tests in detecting infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) in the Fabricius Bursa (BF) of infected chickens. BFs were collected for 3 days p.i. with IBDVs of low pathogenicity (isolated from a mild form of IBD) as well as very virulent ones (isolated from an acute form of IBD) 1, 3, 6 and 9 days p.i. with vaccinal, low pathogenic and very virulent strains. BFs from broiler chickens suspected of having IBD were also used. BFs were cut into frozen histological sections and, after fixing with formaldehyde, were stained using the IP method. The remainder of BFs was used in AC-ELISA after homogenization and clarification. The sensitivity and specificity of both tests in detecting IBDV antigens were comparable but the amount of viral antigen could be determined only by using the AC-ELISA method. The intensity of reaction and the time during which the viral antigen was detected were strongly correlated with the pathogenicity of the IBDV strain being used. Inoculation with the vaccine strain yielded positive results only on day 6 p.i. and the amount of detectable antigen was very low. Infection with the low pathogenic Polish strain produced more antigens, detectable from days 1 to 6 p.i. The antigen of the very virulent strain was found in the largest amount and could be detected for 9 days beginning on day 1 p.i. The study indicated that the IP method is simple, rapid and less laborious than AC-ELISA. However, AC-ELISA is more useful because it additionally measures the amount of detected antigen in a specimen.
Цель предпринятых исследований состояла в получении препарата с муравьиной кислотой как активным веществом для борьбы с Varroa jacobsoni у пчел. Такой препарат получили из легко доступного сырья (70 г лигнина, 0,5 м² марли, 100 г муравьиной кислоты 86%, помещенных в фольговый, однcсторонне перфорированный мешочек размером 250—300 мм и с общей площадью испарения ок. 48 cм². Полученная в местных исследованиях эффективность препарата в трутневом расплоде достигла величины 86,06%, а 92,8—100% в осенней фумигации пчeл муравьиной кислотой.
The aim these investigations was to test the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of CoribanR applied in lambs infected experimentally with Fasciola hepatica. Post-mortem examinations showed high effectiveness of this drug, mainly in young forms of F. hepatica beginning from the third day of invasion. Hematological and biological examinations carried out during the experiment indirectly confirmed, not only the high effectiveness of CoribanR, but also, evidence that there were no side effects in the animals that were treated.
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