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1

Calls of a bird-eater: the echolocation behaviour of the enigmatic greater noctule, Nyctalus lasiopterus

100%
Estok P., Siemers B. M.
Acta Chiropterologica
|
2009
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tom 11
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nr 2
The greater noctule (Nyctalus lasiopterus) is one of the rarest, least studied and the largest European bat. It feeds on large flying insects and also preys extensively on small night-migrating songbirds that it presumably intercepts at high altitude. The present study provides the first systematic account of echolocation behaviour and call design in the greater noctule. We documented variability in call duration from 1.4 to 25 ms and an associated strong variation in frequency parameters of echolocation calls. Greater noctules adapted call structure and repetition rate to the current perceptual task. In open space, they used calls with very low peak and terminal frequencies; generally below 15 kHz. We recorded echolocation calls from the sympatric — at least in Eastern Europe — smaller congener N. noctula. Our data suggest that acoustic separation of the two species is feasible. Therefore, acoustic monitoring could prove useful to survey distribution and habitat use of the enigmatic greater noctule. Using still lower call frequency than N. lasiopterus would yield larger detection ranges for large echolocation targets such as migratory birds for the greater noctule, while it might be constrained by the upper hearing threshold of passerines and thus the predator’s potential conspicuousness to its prey. However, in a within-genus comparison, allometric scaling explained the greater noctules’ call frequency to a very large extent, i.e., we found no evidence for specific adaptations of call frequency to bird hunting.
2

Description of a new species of Myotis (Vespertilionidae) from Vietnam

51%
Son N. T., Gorfol T., Francis C. M., Motokawa M., Estok P., Endo H., Thong V. D., Dang N. X., Oshida T., Csorba G.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2013
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tom 15
|
nr 2
During the examination of a series of specimens, formerly referred to Myotis montivagus, recently collected in Vietnam and Lao PDR, we found that they differ in several important ways from any species formerly included in M. montivagus. We describe them as a new species characterised by a relatively long forearm, moderately long ears, flat cranial profile and wide anteorbital bridge. Based on characters classically used to separate the ‘subgenera’ of Myotis the new species shows affinities to both the nominate subgenus ‘Myotis’ and ‘Selysius’. Our morphological investigations support recent phylogenetic analyses showing that the former ‘subgenera’ of Myotis are in fact paraphyletic groups, even within Southeast Asia. Nevertheless, many of the external and craniodental features formerly used to separate these subgenera provide a practical means of grouping species. Using these characters we provide an identification key to identify the new species, as well as other currently recognized medium and large sized, small-footed Myotis species from the Indomalayan Region.
3

Biogeography of the recently described Myotis alcathoe von Helversen and Heller, 2001

32%
Niermann I., Biedermann M., Bogdanowicz W., Brinkmann R., Bris Y., Ciechanowski M., Dietz C., Dietz I., Estok P., von Helversen O., LeHouedec A., Paksuz S., Petrov B. P., Ozkan B., Piksa K., Rachwald A., Route S. Y., Sachanowicz K., Schorcht W., Tereba A., Mayer F.
Acta Chiropterologica
|
2007
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tom 09
|
nr 2
Since its description in 2001 Alcathoe's myotis (Myotis alcathoe) was recorded from several locations across Europe. Here we describe the first records of this species from Germany, Poland, Albania, and from the European part of Turkey, including the northernmost locality in central Germany (51°23′N, 11°01′E). Compilation of all up-to-date records shows that M. alcathoe has a wide European distribution although it seems to be rare at most places. The habitats where the bat was recorded are natural, moist and deciduous forests with old trees and water streams as can be found, for example, in canyons or forests of alluvial origin. Such habitats suggest that the species probably has a more continuous and wider distribution than currently known and might be expected to occur even further to the North.
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