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Characteristics of Asian black bears stripping bark from coniferous trees

100%

Kitamura F., Ohnishi N.

Acta Theriologica

2011

tom 56

nr 3

Stripping of conifer tree bark by Asian black bears (Ursus thibetanus) has been observed in parts of Japan. To identify and characterize the bears exhibiting this behavior, we performed a genetic analysis using DNA extracted from the hairs left on damaged trees. We analyzed 219 samples of bear hair collected from damaged trees at 33 sites and 64 tissue samples from captured bears as controls by using ten microsatellite DNA loci, ca. 706 bp of the mitochondrial DNA d-loop region, and the amelogenin locus. Sixteen bears were identified; some of them had damaged trees at more than one site. bark-stripping and the captured bears. Spatial autocorrelation analysis for increasing distance class revealed a significantly positive genetic correlation coefficient within 40 km among the bark-stripping bears (P < 0.05). Relatedness among the bark-stripping bears was higher than among the captured bears when the distance between bears was within 25 km. We concluded that bark-stripping behavior is associated with relatedness.

Use of microsatellite markers to assess the spatial genetic structure of a population of sika deer Cervus nippon on Kinkazan Island, Japan

71%

Okada A., Tamate H. B., Minami M., Ohnishi N., Takatsuki S.

Acta Theriologica

2005

tom 50

nr 2

To understand the relationship between social behaviour and gene distribution, we used microsatellite markers to resolve the spatial genetic structure of the sika deerCervus nippon Temminck, 1838 population on Kinkazan Island, a small island (9.6 km2) in northern Japan. We obtained 177 samples of deer which correspond to about 30% of the total population on the island. 126 were from a local population where each deer was individually identified, while 51 from other area on the island. Although there were no apparent geographical barriers on the island, the sika deer population showed local differentiation in its genetic composition. By comparing allele-sharing rates between gender and social categories, we demonstrated a higher genetic relatedness within males in a local group. The Assignment Index (AI) of each sex within a local group showed similar distributions. None of our analyses indicated a lower genetic relatedness among males than females, which contradicted our predictions based on the dispersal behaviour of males. Considering other factors, the results suggest that the range of male dispersal is quite limited on this island.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Theriologica

2 Ohnishi N.

1 Kitamura F.

1 Minami M.

1 Okada A.

1 Takatsuki S.

1 Tamate H. B.

1 2011

1 2005

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Characteristics of Asian black bears stripping bark from coniferous trees

Use of microsatellite markers to assess the spatial genetic structure of a population of sika deer Cervus nippon on Kinkazan Island, Japan