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1

Composition and density of breeding bird community in Mediterranean [Istria Peninsula] and continental oak [Quercus robur L.] forests in Croatia

100%
Kralj J., Radovic D.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2005
|
tom 53
|
nr 2
The breeding bird community and structural characteristics of vegetation of the last Croatian mediterranean (Istria Penninsula) oak forest (Quercus robur L.) were compared to those in similar continental oak forests in Croatia. The structure and coverage of the vegetation for both forests were estimated. The line transect method was used for analysing bird community and circular plot method for habitat mapping. Densities were calculated for 17 interior forest bird species, giving an average total density of 880.6 ± 81.4 pairs km⁻². In the mediterranean forest typically continental species were missing or present in low densities. Not a single mediterranean species inhabited forest interior. Insectivorous sedentary species dependent on winter prey availability were more numerous in the mediterranean than in continental forest. The results showed that the difference between mediterranean and continental oak forests was greater in quantitative characteristics than in taxonomic composition of the breeding bird community.
2

Long-term trends in timing of breeding of the Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica L. in Croatia

81%
Dolenec Z., Dolenec P., Kralj J., Kis Novak D.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2009
|
tom 57
|
nr 3
611-614
Climate change is known to have number effects on plants and animals. Several studies have indicated advances in laying dates of birds in the last ca. 40 years, which could be attributed to air temperatures. The research was conducted in the village of Mokrice, a part of the Hrvatsko Zagorje region (northwestern Croatia). We studied the long-term variation in the laying date of Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica in order to examine their breeding phenology in relation to mean spring temperature. The Barn Swallow is a common bird species in the study area. We found a significant correlation between the first laying date and year. The coefficient of regression (slope = – 0.36) for Barn Swallows indicates an earlier breeding by 0.36 days per year, or 10 days over the period of the study (1979–2007). Our studies suggested that date of clutch initiation in the studied population is influenced by spring temperatures.
3

Nest site and nest-hole characteristics used by Great Spotted Woodpecker Dendrocopos major L. in Croatia

81%
Cikovic D., Barisic S., Tutis V., Kralj J.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2014
|
tom 62
|
nr 2
Great Spotted Woodpecker is the most abundant and widespread European woodpecker species, and it thus contributes the most to the number of excavated tree holes – an important habitat resource for secondary hole users. However, majority of nest site characteristics data comes from boreal and temperate forests, with lack of information from Southern Europe. In this article, nest sites of the Great Spotted Woodpecker have been investigated in the continental forests of Croatia – a previously understudied area of this species’ range. A total of 41 active nest-holes found in the breeding seasons 2003 and 2004 are described. Nest-holes were mainly positioned below the crowns, in injuries of branch abscission. Nesting tree species were not used randomly: wild cherry Prunus avium in hill and pedunculate oak Quercus robur in riverine forests were preferred while hornbeam Carpinus betulus and maples Acer sp. were avoided. While tree species used for nesting vary across the Great Spotted Woodpecker range, and thus cannot be used as a uniform nest site predictor, defected wood spots on a tree, like scars of branch abscission, are identified as an important nest site clue and a habitat feature that is spatially more consistent. Nest-holes’ dimensions acquired in this research could not be clearly differentiated from those given for the other parts of the continent.
4

Female biometrical characteristics and egg dimensions of the Starling [Sturnus vulgaris L.] in Croatia

81%
Dolenec Z., Kralj J., Mustafic P., Dolenec P.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2008
|
tom 56
|
nr 3
545-547
Female biometrical characteristics play an important role in the breeding and contribute to breeding success. The size and shape of Starling (Sturnus vulgaris) eggs in relation to female characteristics were examined. The material was collected in northwestern Croatia (Mokrice region) in 2007. Only first clutches were analysed. Egg length averaged 29.7 mm, egg breadth – 21.2 mm, egg volume – 6810 mm³ and egg shape index – 1.41. The inter-clutch CV amounted 6% for length, 3% for breadth, 10% for volume and 6% for egg shape index. The mean female body mass was equal to 81.8 g, wing length – 128.6 mm and female condition – 0.64. No significant correlation was found between the female biometrical parameters like body mass, wing length, female condition and egg dimensions (like egg length, egg breadth, egg volume) or egg shape. Egg length was marginally correlated with egg breadth. Female body mass was significantly correlated with wing length.
5

Migration of central and east European Acrocephalus warblers at the eastern Adriatic coast: an analysis of recoveries

81%
Kralj J., Radovic D., Tutis V., Cikovic D.
The Ring
|
2007
|
tom 29
|
nr 1-2
6

Moulting and wintering grounds of Marsh Warblers Acrocephalus palustris: evidence from stable isotopes and ring recoveries

81%
Prochazka P., Kralj J., Pearson D. J., Yohannes E.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2014
|
tom 49
|
nr 2
7

Variation in egg dimensions of the Tree Sparrow [Passer montanus L.] in North-Western Croatia

81%
Dolenec Z., Delic A., Kralj J., Dolenec P.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2007
|
tom 55
|
nr 4
A nest-box-breeding population of Tree Sparrow was studied during 2004–2005 in the rural area (in locality Mokrice) in northwestern Croatia. The mean egg length was 18.9 mm, egg breadth – 14.1 mm, egg volume – 1937.8 mm³ and egg shape index – 1.34. No significant correlation between egg volume and clutch size was found (P> 0.05) and there is no significant difference in those parameters between years of study (2004 and 2005) as well as between successive clutches in the given year. The repeatability of egg dimensions (r = 0–1) of females that bred in an area three times a year was estimated. The egg dimensions are highly repeatable r = 0.78, 0.63, 0.72 and 0.75 for length, breadth, volume and shape index, respectively. The results suggest that in Tree Sparrow population one should expect relatively high heritability of egg dimensions.
8

Habitat preferences of the Collared Flycatcher, Ficedula albicollis [Temm.] in mountains of continental Croatia

71%
Kralj J., Cikovic D., Dumbovic V., Dolenec Z., Tutis V.
Polish Journal of Ecology
|
2009
|
tom 57
|
nr 3
537-545
Habitat selection of Collared Flycatcher, Ficedula albicollis (Temm.) was studied at three mountains of Continental Croatia covered with oak-hornbeam, beech and coniferous forests. Standard point count technique was used (n = 163). Collared Flycatcher territories were found at 59 points, 17 of them identified as the best territories, with two or more pairs present. Habitat at each counting point was described by the circular plot method. Each counting point was further characterized by the forest type. Differences between the proportions of available and used forest types were tested with χ² goodness-of-fit test. Standardized selection index (B) and 95% confidence limits with Bonferroni correction were calculated. PCA was used to identify the principal sources of variation in the habitat structure. In our study, both forest types and structural characteristics of habitat had effect on the habitat choice of the Collared Flycatcher. The Collared Flycatcher preferred oak and beech forests and strictly avoided pure coniferous stands. The best territories are mostly situated in the pure beech and mixed beech forests. PCA on habitat characteristics produced five components which accounted for 84.3% of the variation in the habitat structure. PC1 and PC3 indicated the presence of coniferous trees while PC2 and PC4 indicated the forest age. The PCA revealed significant relationship between Collared Flycatcher presence and several structural characteristics of habitat: total tree density, densities of small and large trees, shrub density and average tree basal area. The best territories were situated in the forest patches with low number of large trees. Tree density is an important factor for habitat selection in younger forests, but in stands older than 100 years, other factors play more important role in the habitat selection. The Collared Flycatcher avoided forests with dense shrub layer.
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