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Effect of BAP, TDZ and CPPU on multiple shoot formation in pea [Pisum sativum L.] in culture in vitro

100%

Tulac S., Leljak-Levanic D., Krsnik-Rasol M., Jelaska S.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

2002

tom 44

Shoot regeneration in five pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars (Atlas, Avola, Karina, Mali provansalac and Tristar) was achieved by direct culture of mature seeds on MSB5 medium supplemented with either N6-benzylaminopurine (BAP), N-phenyl-N’(-l,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl)urea (thidiazuron, TDZ) or N-(2-chloro-4-pyridyl)-N’-phenylurea (forchlorfenuron, CPPU). Multiple shoots formed de novo without an intermediary callus phase at the cotyledonary notch, in the axillary meristem regions of the seedlings, and in the hypocotyl subepidermal tissues within two to three weeks of culture initiation. Bud formation began after 5 to 7 days of treatment and the number of buds increased with the duration of culture and increasing concentration of growth regulators. Transient exposure to plant growth regulators (24-28 h) was sufficient to induce bud formation. CPPU was the most effective and BAP the least effective for the induction of regeneration. Separated shoots (1-2 cm) were rooted (60%) on MSB5 medium supplemented with 1.1 µM indole-3- acetic acid (IAA) and 2.0 µM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and developed into flowering plants.

In vitro conditions affect photosynthetic performance and crassulacean acid metabolism in Mammillaria gracilis Pfeiff. tissues

88%

Balen B., Tkalec M., Peharec Stefanic P., Vidakovic-Cifrek Z., Krsnik-Rasol M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2012

tom 34

nr 5

Mammillaria gracilis Pfeiff. plants cultivated in the pot (pot plants, PP), as well as in vitro-grown normal shoots (NS), habituated callus (HC), hyperhydric shoots (HS), and tumour tissue (TT) were investigated in order to reveal the influence of in vitro culture on functionality of the photosynthetic apparatus and CAM photosynthesis in cactus M. gracilis Pfeiff. Photosynthetic pigments content as well as maximum (Fv/Fm) and effective (ΦPSII) quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) decreased in all in vitrogrown tissues in comparison to PP. The decrease observed in hyperhydric HC, HS and TT correlated with a low expression of Rubisco large subunit (RbcL) and b subunit of ATP synthase (b ATP synt) and almost undetectable levels of protein D1, light-harvesting chlorophyll a/bbinding protein (LHCII) and cytochrome f protein of thylakoid Cyt b₆/f-complex (Cyt f) found in these tissues. As for crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) pattern, PP and NS expressed diurnal acid fluctuation, while HC, HS and TT failed to show it. Nevertheless, all M. gracilis tissues exhibited diurnal changes of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) activity indicating the typical CAM physiology. In conclusion, the photosynthesis was downregulated in all in vitro-grown tissues. NS maintained typical CAM photosynthesis, while HC, HS and TT withheld PEPC activity, but not acid accumulation specific for CAM. Minor changes observed in NS in comparison to PP could be attributed to the sugar supplementation while the more prominent deviations found in HC, HS and TT could be correlated with hyperhydricity and the loss of characteristic tissue organisation pattern.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

1 Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

2 Krsnik-Rasol M.

1 Balen B.

1 Jelaska S.

1 Leljak-Levanic D.

1 Peharec Stefanic P.

1 Tkalec M.

1 Tulac S.

1 Vidakovic-Cifrek Z.

1 2012

1 2002

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Effect of BAP, TDZ and CPPU on multiple shoot formation in pea [Pisum sativum L.] in culture in vitro

In vitro conditions affect photosynthetic performance and crassulacean acid metabolism in Mammillaria gracilis Pfeiff. tissues