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Physiological and antioxidant responses of Mentha pulegium (Pennyroyal) to salt stress

100%

Oueslati S., Karray-Bouraoui N., Attia H., Rabhi M., Ksouri R., Lachaal M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2010

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tom 32

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nr 2

Mentha pulegium L. is a medicinal and aromatic plant belonging to the Labiatae family present in the humid to the arid bioclimatic regions of Tunisia. We studied the effect of different salt concentrations on plant growth, mineral composition and antioxidant responses. Physiological and biochemical parameters were assessed in the plant organs after 2 weeks of salt treatment with 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM NaCl. Results showed that, growth was reduced even by 25 mM, and salt effect was more pronounced in shoots (leaves and stems) than in roots. This growth decrease was accompanied by a restriction in tissue hydration and K⁺ uptake, as well as an increase in Na⁺ levels in all organs. Considering the response of antioxidant enzymes to salt, leaves and roots reacted differently to saline conditions. Leaf and root guaiacol peroxidase activity showed an increase by different concentration of NaCl, but superoxide dismutase activity in the same organs showed a slight modification in NaCl-treated leaves and roots. Moreover, polyphenol contents and antioxidant activity were analysed in M. pulegium leaves and roots under salt constraint. The analysis showed an increase of total polyphenol content (2.41–8.17 mg gallic acid equivalent g⁻¹ dry weight) in leaves. However, methanol extract of leaves at 100 mM NaCl displayed the highest DPPH scavenging ability with the lowest IC₅₀ value (0.27 µg ml⁻¹) in comparison with control which exhibited IC₅₀ equal to 0.79 µg ml⁻¹ .

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Distribution of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity between young and old leaves of Carthamus tinctorius L. and their induction by salt stress

100%

Abdallah S. B., Rabhi M., Harbaoui F., Zar-kalai F., Lachaal M., Karray-Bouraoui N.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2013

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tom 35

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nr 04

In the present work, we investigated the effect of salt stress on the distribution of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) antioxidant system in relation to leaf age. The study was carried out under growth chamber conditions using seedlings of three cultivars which were subjected to 0 and 50 mM NaCl for 3 weeks. Leaf growth, water content, lipid peroxidation, and phenolic compound (total polyphenols, total flavonoids, and proanthocyanidins) concentration were measured at two leaf stages (young and old leaves). Leaf growth was affected by salinity only in Kairouan cultivar that also showed a significant decrease in old leaf water content. By contrast, Gabes and Tazarka cultivars maintained their old leaf water content constant and showed a reduction in that of young leaves. This could be attributed to a higher aptitude of the latter two cultivars to use absorbed sodium and chloride for osmotic adjustment in old leaves, keeping potassium for specific functions. Salt-induced lipid peroxidation was observed only in old leaves, whereas the accumulation of the major phenolic compounds under saline conditions was higher in young leaves, except in Gabes cultivar where no significant difference was found between the two leaf stages. A significant variability was also found between the three cultivars. The better behavior of salt-challenged leaves of Gabes and Tazarka cultivars compared to that of Kairouan cultivar may be related to their higher water content and the accumulation of polyphenols, in particular flavonoids that were shown to be efficiently involved in the restriction of salt-induced oxidative damages.

3

Salt stress (NaCl) affects plant growth and branch pathways of carotenoid and flavonoid biosyntheses in Solanum nigrum

100%

Abdallah S. B., Aung B., Amyot L., Lalin I., Lachaal M., Karray-Bouraoui N., Hannoufa A.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2016

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tom 38

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nr 03

4

Physiological and molecular characterization of salt response of Arabidopsis thaliana NOK2 ecotype

100%

Kaddour R., M`rah S., Karray-Bouraoui N., Lambert C., Berthomieu P., Lachaal M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2010

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tom 32

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nr 3

Arabidopsis thaliana is a glycophyte capable to tolerate mild salinity. Although salt sensitivity of this species, a variability of this characteristic was revealed between different ecotypes. This study presents the physiological and molecular characteristics of salt response of two ecotypes, NOK2 and Columbia (Col). Seedlings were cultivated in hydroponics in the presence of 0 or 50 mM NaCl during 25 days. Rosette leaf samples were collected after 19, 22, and 25 days for determination of physiological parameters, and after 18 days for study of DNA polymorphism. Salt treatment decreased rosette dry matter, leaf number, leaf hydration, and leaf surface area. All these effects were significantly more visible in Col than in NOK2. Moreover, the NOK2 leaves accumulated less Na⁺ and more K⁺ than those of Col. DNA polymorphism between the two ecotypes was analyzed with codominant molecular markers based on PCR amplification, namely, microsatellites, cleaved amplified polymorphism sequence (CAPS), and single nucleotide polymorphism markers (SNP). Among the 35 tested markers, 17 showed a clear polymorphism and were distributed on the five Arabidopsis chromosomes ending with a genetic map construction. These results could play an important role in the future establishment of cartography of candidate gene controlling the K⁺/Na⁺ selectivity of ion transport in leaves, a component of plant salt tolerance.

5

Effect of salt stress on growth, fatty acids and essential oils in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

100%

Harrathi J., Hosni K., Karray-Bouraoui N., Attia H., Marzouk B., Magne C., Lachaal M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2012

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tom 34

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nr 1

This study examined the influence of salt treatment on the growth parameters (fresh and dry weights), the mineral content (K⁺ and Na⁺), total lipid contents, fatty acid composition, yields and chemical composition of the essential oil of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) grown in hydroponics for 2 weeks. Results showed that the application of 50 mM NaCl reduced the fresh weight of aerial parts (shoots and leaves) while it enhanced those of the roots. The reduction of dry weight was found to be more pronounced in the aerial parts. Salt treatment increased markedly the concentrations of Na⁺ in both plant parts while it reduced those of K⁺ which resulted in a sharp reduction of K⁺/Na⁺ ratio. In response to salt treatment, total lipids contents decreased in both plant parts and great qualitative changes in the fatty acids profiles were observed. Whatever the plant parts analysed, a redirection of the lipidic metabolism towards synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids as revealed by the increase of double bond index and linoleic desaturation ratio was pointed out. The increased unsaturation index was found to be more important in roots than in aerial parts. Such treatment also reduced the essential oil yields and induced marked quantitative changes in the chemical composition of the essential oils from both plant parts. Of all the identified components, oxygenated components display a prominent salt-induced synthesis and/or accumulation in both roots and aerial parts.

6

Antioxidant pool optimization in Carthamus tinctorius L. leaves under different NaCl levels and treatment durations

100%

Zaoui S., Gautier H., Bancel D., Chaabani G., Wasli H., Lachaal M., Karray-Bouraoui N.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2016

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tom 38

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nr 08

7

Different antioxidant responses to salt stress in two different provenances of Carthamus tinctorius L.

84%

Karray-Bouraoui N., Harbaoui F., Rabhi M., Jallali I., Ksouri R., Attia H., Msilini N., Lachaal M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2011

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tom 33

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nr 4

Seedlings of two Tunisian Carthamus tinctorius L. provenances (Kairouan and Tazarka) differing in salt sensitivity were hydroponically grown at 0 and 50 mM NaCl over 21 days. Leaves of Kairouan (saltsensitive) showed a 48% restriction in their growth at 50 mM NaCl although they accumulated less sodium than those of Tazarka (less salt-sensitive) that maintained an unchanged growth. Salt treatment induced oxidative stress in C. tinctorius and the effect was more pronounced in the leaves of the more salt sensitive provenance, Kairouan. Both provenances exhibited a stimulation of antioxidant enzyme activities with higher catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in Tazarka and higher peroxidase (POD) activity in Kairouan. But, it seems that antioxidant activities were more correlated with polyphenol content. Actually, leaves of Tazarka experienced higher polyphenol and antioxidant activity than Kairouan at 50 mM NaCl. Hence, moderate salinity (3 g NaCl L⁻¹) enhanced bioactive molecule yield in the less salt sensitive provenance, Tazarka. In addition, C. tinctorius was found rich in ascorbic acid, but the moderate salt stress enhanced its production only in the sensitive provenance.

8

Interactive effects of excessive potassium and Mg deficiency on safflower

84%

Farhat N., Rabhi M., Falleh H., Lengliz K., Smaoui A., Abdelly C., Lachaal C., Karray-Bouraoui N.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2013

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tom 35

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nr 09

In the present work, separate and combined effects of excessive potassium and magnesium deficiency on safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) were studied. Four treatments were considered: C (control treatment: complete medium containing 1.5 mM Mg), ?KCl (excessive potassium treatment: complete medium added with 60 mMKCl), -Mg (Mg-deficient treatment: containing 0.1 mM Mg), and DS (double stress treatment: Mg-deficient medium (0.1 mM Mg) added with 60 mM KCl. Excessive potassium effect on plant growth was more pronounced than that of Mg deficiency. The two stresses impaired differently plant organs; KCl application affected more roots than shoots, whereas Mg deficiency reduced only leaf biomass. Gas exchange and pigment concentrations and patterns were severely impaired by KCl and mainly by interactive effects of the two stresses. This led to obvious lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage. Mg deficiency did not induce lipid peroxidation and electrolyte leakage, but as applied with excessive potassium, it doubled the effect of the latter. Mineral analyses showed that major cation nutrition was disturbed by KCl and combined stresses and at a lower level by magnesium deficiency. Plants did not show an enhanced selectivity of Mg and Ca over K but they improved their use efficiencies.

9

Effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid combined to 6-Benzylaminopurine on callus induction, total phenolic and ascorbic acid production, and antioxidant activities in leaf tissue cultures of Crataegus azarolus L. var. aronia

84%

Chaabani G., Tabart J., Kevers C., Dommes J., Khan M. I., Zaoui S., Chebchoub L., Lachaal M., Karray-Bouraoui N.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2015

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tom 37

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nr 02

The present research work describes the effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D)/Benzylaminopurine (BAP) ratio on callus induction, total phenolic and ascorbic acid production, and antioxidant activities in leaf-derived calli of Crataegus azarolus (hawthorn). The supplementation of 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BAP to MS medium was found to be the most efficient for callus induction (as percentage and fresh weigh). The results of biochemical analysis showed that the highest total phenolic contents were obtained in callus cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4- D and 1.0 mg/L BAP (52 – 0.56 mg GAE/g DM) and were significantly lower than those of intact leaves (76 – 1.72 mg GAE/g DM). However, the highest ascorbic acid contents were found in callus cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L BAP (0.96 – 0.13 mg AAE/g DM) and these amounts were statistically similar to those found in leaf tissues (0.74 – 0.07 mg AAE/g DM). Antioxidant activities of callus extracts were determined using two TEAC assays and results showed that extract of callus cultured on MS medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/L 2,4-D and 1.0 mg/L BAP have the greatest antiradical activities against DPPH (124 – 2.92 mg TE/g DM) and ABTS (0.19 – 0.02 mg TE/g DM) compared to the leaves of field-grown plant. Thus, the use of high level of 2,4-D over BAP can be suitable to enhance the quality more than the quantity of bioactive compounds in leaf callus culture of hawthorn.

Ograniczanie wyników

Physiological and antioxidant responses of Mentha pulegium (Pennyroyal) to salt stress

Distribution of phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity between young and old leaves of Carthamus tinctorius L. and their induction by salt stress

Salt stress (NaCl) affects plant growth and branch pathways of carotenoid and flavonoid biosyntheses in Solanum nigrum

Physiological and molecular characterization of salt response of Arabidopsis thaliana NOK2 ecotype

Effect of salt stress on growth, fatty acids and essential oils in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.)

Antioxidant pool optimization in Carthamus tinctorius L. leaves under different NaCl levels and treatment durations

Different antioxidant responses to salt stress in two different provenances of Carthamus tinctorius L.

Interactive effects of excessive potassium and Mg deficiency on safflower

Effects of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid combined to 6-Benzylaminopurine on callus induction, total phenolic and ascorbic acid production, and antioxidant activities in leaf tissue cultures of Crataegus azarolus L. var. aronia