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The β-endoglucanase is one of the enzymes taking part in the degradation of the cell wall structural polysaccharides. The use of two Triticale varieties differing in their resistance to the preharvest sprouting allowed the comparison of that enzyme activity and changes in the internal structure of the cell wall observed in the light and electron microscope. The most interesting observations seem to be the channels and even the holes in the walls of aleurone cells found mostly in the samples showing the elevated activities of β-endoglucanase. As those samples concern the grains of a lower resistance to pre-harvest sprouting, it might be suggested that the loosening of the wall structure may be one of the probable mechanisms in facilitating the enzyme, metabolite and water translocations through the grain tissues. Those changes can accelerate the water imput into the grain, the metabolic process and thus the increased susceptibility to sprouting.
Aspergmus awamori NRRL 3112 was grown using the submerged technique in 10-liter laboratory fermenters during 7 days with continuous agitation and aeration of the nutrient. The activities of glucoamylase (GA) and α-amylase as well as changes in sugar and protein concentrations and pH were determined. Corn-bran fortified with potato starch proved to be the most favorable nutrient for glucoamylase synthesis.
The cultivation liquids of Asp. avamori strain NRRL 3112 of a highlevel glucoamylase production ability were processed in order to obtain concentrated enzyme preparations of a high activity and starch saccharification value. There have been obtained liquid preparations of a glucoamylase activity of about 9 500 u/g by direct concentration in a laboratory rotatory evaporator or at a semi-technical scale in a thin-layer evaporator Centri-therm, as well as by means of ultrafiltration. Those preparations kept stable during 6 months storage at 0-4°C. The solid preparations were obtained by means of salting out or alcohol precipitation; as compared with the initial or liquid preparations the farmer had an activity of up to 20 000 u/g and showed a higher DE value (up to 97.4 per cent). They were also shown to be stable during many months of storage.
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