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Co-occurrence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium decemcellulare and Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolates in cushion galls disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

100%

Castillo,del D. S., Parra D., Noceda C., Perez-Martinez S.

Journal of Plant Protection Research

2016

tom 56

nr 2

Flowery cushion gall of cacao is a disease complex with six types. Fusarium decemcellulare have been isolated from both flowery and green point galls and recognized as the etiological agent of the disease. In the present work we: i) identified by ITS-rDNA sequencing and/or taxonomy the cultivable fungal species or Operative Taxonomic Units (OTUs) associated with the five symptoms of cushion galls in cacao from Venezuela, and ii) determined the gall inducing capacity on cacao peeled seeds after 45 days of inoculation with suspensions of mycelia/ spores from distinct isolate types. The whole isolate collection rendered an abundance of 113 isolates with a richness of 39 OTUs (27) and eight identified at the species or genera levels, respectively, and in unidentified fungi. The dominant recovered species (≈36%) were F. decemcellulare and Lasiodiplodia theobromae. Some isolates of F. decemcellulare, L. theobromae, F. equiseti, Fusarium spp., F. solani, F. incarnatum, Rhizocthonia solani and Penicillium sp. were pathogenic. Some other isolates of the first six mentioned taxa behave as non-pathogenic. Furthermore, pathogenic and non-pathogenic isolates can also co-occur within a single plant and gall type. Moreover, 2–5 species within a single gall symptom in a single tree were identified (not necessarily at the same point in the tree), indicating a broad diversity of co-occurring taxa.

Root morphology of mandibular molars: a cone-beam computed tomography study

76%

Abarca J., Duran M., Parra D., Steinfort K., Zaror C., Monardes H.

Folia Morphologica

2020

tom 79

nr 2

Background: The aim of the study was to assess the number and anatomical classification of roots and root canals of first and second mandibular molars using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in a Chilean population. Materials and methods: This study evaluated the CBCT scans of 289 patients aged between 14 and 86 years, obtaining a sample of 1022 mandibular first and second molars. The number of roots and root canals was evaluated according to the anatomical classification proposed by Ahmed in 2016. Data were analysed using Pearson’s chi-squared test and ANOVA. Results: Nine hundred fifty-one (93.05%) molars had two roots, while the remaining 71 (6.95%) molars had one root. The most frequent root and root canal morphologies found were: ²MM M² D¹ (29.65%), ²MM M²⁻¹ D¹ (22.3%) and ²MM M¹ D¹ (13.4%) (M — mesial, D — distal), with a total of 32 different anatomical distributions. C-shaped canals were present in 56 molars and were more frequently found in women than in men (7.1% vs. 3.88%; p = 0.024). Conclusions: The analysis of internal anatomy using CBCT revealed a highly variable distribution of root canals. The most frequent morphology found in mandibular molars in a Chilean population was two roots and three canals. (Folia Morphol 2020; 79, 2: 327–332)

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Folia Morphologica

1 Journal of Plant Protection Research

2 Parra D.

1 Abarca J.

1 Castillo,del D. S.

1 Duran M.

1 Monardes H.

1 Noceda C.

1 Perez-Martinez S.

1 Steinfort K.

1 Zaror C.

1 2020

1 2016

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Co-occurrence of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Fusarium decemcellulare and Lasiodiplodia theobromae isolates in cushion galls disease of cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)

Root morphology of mandibular molars: a cone-beam computed tomography study