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1

Small-scale effect of habitat heterogeneity on invertebrate assemblages in sandy grasslands (Hungarian Great Plain)

100%
Galle R., Torma A., Kormoczi L.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2010
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tom 58
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nr 2
Numerous environmental factors are confirmed to have significant influence on the habitat choice of invertebrates and thus on the assemblage structure. In dry, sandy grasslands the vegetation cover and height are assumed to be the most important factors in shaping the distribution of spiders and true bugs. The present study was carried out at a natural sand dune area in the Kiskunság region of the Hungarian Great Plain. Two adjacent sand dunes and the dune valley between them were sampled using a transect consisting of pitfall traps. The traps were arranged in 4 parallel transects, running from the sand dune top through the dune valley to the adjacent sand dune. Each row consisted of 40 traps, three meters apart. The effect of microhabitat parameters on the species richness and abundance of invertebrate assemblages were tested with linear regressions with forward selection procedure. A total number of 1447 spider and 1580 true-bug individuals of 58 and 55 species were collected, respectively. The mean number of spider species along the transects was 10.5 ± 3.7 and 9.8 ± 3.0 for true bugs. Although our data did not show a significant effect of the plant species number on species richness and abundance of the two studied taxa along this gradient, the results of the canonical correspondence analysis and the Mantel test emphasized the importance of the total coverage and vegetation composition on the distribution of invertebrate species. The correspondence analysis and the multivariate ANOVA revealed different spider and true-bug assemblages on the two slopes (multivariate ANOVA: Araneae: F = 3.609, P <0.001, Heteroptera: F = 5.248, P <0.001), possibly due to the more dense and diverse vegetation on the north facing slope, which is presumably brought about by the different insolation and moisture conditions of the slopes.
2

Functioning of ecotones-spiders and ants of edges between native and non-native forest plantations

100%
Galle R., Kanizsai O., Acs V., Molnar B.
Polish Journal of Ecology
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2014
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tom 62
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nr 4
Habitat edges are regarded as important components of heterogeneous landscapes. Diverse theories exist about the diversity and functional role of edges, and no generalisation have been possible so far, thus case studies are important for better understanding the landscape scale processes. Forest management highly modified the structure and tree species composition of the European forests. The sylvicultural intensification resulted in the rise of the proportion of non-native, intensively managed forest stands. In the present study we explore the response of spider and ant assemblages to forest stand type and the edge effect between native poplar and non-native conifer plantations in Hungary. We applied pitfall traps to sample the ground-dwelling spiders and ants. Four plots consisting of the two forest types and the transition zones between them were selected. Five transects for each replicated plot were sampled. We identified the significant indicator species of the different habitat types. We found significant differences in the species richness (i.e. number of species) of ants and spiders of the different habitat types. We detected intermediate spider species richness at the edge indicating that edges separate a higher quality habitat from one that has lower resource quality; however, the species richness of ants was the highest at the edge and did not differ between the two forest types. The positive impacts of edge was found due to presence of generalist and grassland species at the edge and presumably edges separate patches that provide complementary resources also increasing the number of ant species.Our results indicate that forest type affects the species compositions of ground-dwelling spiders and ants. Our study also shows that habitat type had a major effect on the species richness and composition of spider and ant assemblages, suggesting that local forestry management plays a crucial role in preserving the native invertebrate fauna of forests.
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