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The travel time tomography technology had achieved wide application, the hinge of tomography was inversion algorithm, the ray path tracing technology had a great impact on the inversion results. In order to improve the SNR of inversion image, comprehensive utilization of inversion results with different ray tracing can be used. We presented an imaging fusion method based on improved Wilkinson iteration method. Firstly, the shortest path method and the linear travel time interpolation were used for forward calculation; then combined the improved Wilkinson iteration method with super relaxation precondition method to reduce the condition number of matrix and accelerate iterative speed, the precise integration method was used to solve the inverse matrix more precisely in tomography inversion process; finally, use wavelet transform for image fusion, obtain the final image. Therefore, the ill- conditioned linear equations were changed into iterative normal system through two times of treatment and using images with different forward algorithms for image fusion, it reduced the influence effect of measurement error on imaging. Simulation results showed that, this method can eliminate the artifacts in images effectively, it had extensive practical significance
A Pressure-State-Response (PSR) framework was developed to realize a holistic health assessment of the Ulansuhai Lake in the Inner Mongolia. A total of 25 indicators including ecological character indicators, ecological function indicators and social environment indicators were organized to assess the lake ecosystem health. The Ulansuhai Lake was regionalized into three sub-regions (I, II, and III) in the consideration of ecological and environmental characters the lake. Results indicate the lake is in the state of Alert or Worse. The comprehensive health indices (CHI) of three sub-regions are 0.346, 0.385, and 0.445, respectively, reflecting obvious regional differences in ecosystem health of the lake. The current study may provide useful information for valid wetland restoration and management
The granulomatous reaction which occurs around egg trapped in the intrahepatic venules ultimately may lead to fibrosis, which is the main pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. The excreted proteins from eggs play an important role during this process, and they may be a target for developing new strategies to control the hepatic pathogenesis caused by schistosome infection. In this study, fifteen genes encoding secreted or membrane binding protein were identified with the signal sequence trapping method by retrovirus mediated expression screening (SST-REX) of cDNAs from the egg of Schistosoma japonicum (Chinese strain).
Arsenic (As) is a ubiquitous carcinogen in the environment. Its bio-toxicity is significantly correlated with its chemical forms. In this study, As accumulation and speciation of PM₂.₅ was investigated in Jinan. The high PM₂.₅ levels fluctuated between 69.67 μg·m⁻³ and 211.25 μg·m⁻³ in winter, and ranged from 63.46 μg·m⁻³ to 125.50 μg·m⁻³ in summer. The total As concentration of PM₂.₅ in winter and summer varied from 4.23 to 15.47 ng·m⁻³ and from 4.59 to 11.69 ng·m⁻³. As(V) accounted for 70~100% of the extractable speciation in the PM₂.₅ samples. Exposure levels of total As for the general public were 63.45~232.05 ng d⁻¹, and 68.85~175.35 ng d⁻¹ by inhalation in winter and summer. The mean of cancer risk (CR) of As in PM₂.₅ for winter and summer were 7.30×10⁻⁶±0.89×10⁻⁶ and 5.26×10⁻⁶±0.58×10⁻⁶, respectively.
Water inrush is one of the typical geological hazards of tunnel construction in karst areas. It is necessary to predict water inrush more accurately for karst tunnels. Firstly, we created a model on risk evaluation of water inrush based on the efficacy coefficient method. Then karst hydrologic and engineering geological conditions were considered in detail, and several typical factors were selected as evaluation indexes, including formation lithology, unfavorable geology, groundwater level, and so on. Moreover, the weight coefficients of the selected evaluation indices were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process method. Furthermore, the total efficacy coefficient was presented to specify the risk grade of the evaluation samples. Finally, the risk grade of water inrush for karst tunnels is divided into four levels: severe (red), high (orange), elevated (yellow), and guarded (blue). Additionally, the model of risk assessment of water inrush was applied to Jigongling tunnel along the Fanba Expressway in China. The results show that the present evaluation results agree well with the construction situation, which also agree with the relative analysis results of attribute mathematical theory. The presented work with the efficacy coefficient method is relatively simple with strong operability, which has potential for predicting water inrush in karst tunnels.
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