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The shallow water zone of the Puck Bay is an exceptionally important region for fisheries and tourists as it provides spawning grounds and nurseries for many fish species and is used intensively for recreation. This paper, which is part of a more comprehensive study, describes the biological cycles of the dominant fish species (stickleback, sand goby, sand lance, flounder) in light of previously collected data. Knowledge of the spawning location and periods and the feeding grounds of fish allows for more effective preservation of living resources. The results of the study indicated that the life cycles of fish species and the quality structure of the ichthyofauna are similar to those of previous years. A clear increase in the abundance of stickleback might be an indication of growing eutrophication in this basin. Since the coastal waters of the Puck Bay provide spawning grounds and nurseries for young stages of both exploited and protected fish species, they should be under special protection.
This paper presents selected data from the literature on the occurrence, chronology and ways of invasion, and some of the most important aspects of the biology of the Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii. This Siberian freshwater fish species is a member of the family Odontobutidae, and it is an invasive alien species in Polish waters. The invasion of this fish in Poland was first noted over 16 years ago. The Amur sleeper is predatory, and it possesses an extraordinary ability to survive under even the most unfavorable environmental conditions. Thus, it is considered to be exceptionally dangerous to native ichthyofauna, and it is capable of annihilating populations of tiny fish.
The invasive fish species the Amur sleeper, Perccottus glenii, has expanded rapidly its range of occurrence, and is reported in increasing numbers of European countries, including Poland. It is also considered dangerous to native ichthyofauna everywhere. Knowledge of its biology remains meager, especially with regard to the larval and early juvenile life stages. The aim of the current experiment was to evaluate the growth potential of Amur sleeper larvae using standard feeding tests performed under laboratory conditions. The results obtained were compared with corresponding data on some common, co-existing, freshwater fish species. The results provided evidence that the larval Amur sleeper growth rate is lower than that in species such as tench, rudd, chub, and perch. However, it was clearly higher than those of crucian carp and lake minnow, which is critically endangered in Poland These two species are increasingly accompanied by the invasive Amur sleeper in their natural habitats. In light of the Amur sleeper larval growth rate, high activity level, feeding plasticity immediately following hatching, and similar spawning period to many phytophilous cyprinids, it can be concluded that this alien species is capable of eliminating some native fish species by preying on eggs and larvae during the first weeks after hatching.
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