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Management of sewage sludge still poses a problem despite the interest it arouses among researchers and agricultural practice. Among methods enabling improvement of physical, chemical and biological properties of sewage sludge is its composting with various additives and further refining by Eisenia fetida red-worm (vermicomposting). The research aimed at determining the effect of treatment with vermicomposts based on tannery sludge with various additives on the physico-chemical soil properties and its contents of mobile heavy metal forms. Soil reaction, hydrolytic acidity, total nitrogen concentrations and organic carbon content were determined in the soil samples collected after the first and third year of the experiment. Copper, zinc, lead, cadmium and chromium concentrations extracted with 1 mol NH₄NO₃·dm⁻³ solution were determined by ICP- AES method in the JY 238 Ultrace apparatus. Application of vermicomposts caused a decrease of active and potential soil acidification in relation to the control and mineral treatments and to the objects fertilized with farmyard manure and sewage sludge. The content of mobile forms of heavy metals extracted from the soil by 1 mol NH₄NO₃·dm⁻³ solution was most influenced by soil acidification on the objects receiving mineral fertilization and farmyard manure and to a lesser degree also sewage sludge treatments. The application of vermicomposts caused a notable decrease in the soil concentrations of zinc, lead and cadmium but had no effect on copper and chromium contents.
Changes in chemical and physico- chemical properties of peat moorshes and their parent materials were analyzed and evaluated in various stages of humification, as well fractions of humic and fulvic acids isolated from them and low and high mollecular weight compounds. A specificity of the properties of the created moorsh in comparison with the parent peat were noted, caused by the interaction of secondary humification and parallel mineralization. The results indicate that moorshes form sequences of changes in properties characteristic for a given type of peat linked to successive stages of secondary humification of organic matter.
Results of assessment of raw sewage sludge, vermicompost and earthworms from Waste Water Treatment Plant in Kluczbork are presented in this paper. Vermicomposting process improved sewage sludge from greasy to soily structure. It affected the level of organic matter, total N, Na, Cd, Zn during the process. The Cr and Cd contents remained at the same level. However, the increase of the level of dry matter, and the content of P, K, Ca, Mg, Pb, Cu was observed. Heavy metals cumulating in earthworms depended on the type of metal and their content in some cases (Cd, Pb, Ni) was higher than in vermicompost.
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