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Bark is a waste material in the furniture industry. It is mainly used for mulching in gardens. To fulfil its task in that field, bark must be microbiologically clean. Ergosterol (ERG) is the main sterol of the fungal cell wall. The research aimed to assess the usefulness of ergosterol concentration analysis for its use in the wood industry in order to quickly assess the level of microscopic contamination of the bark after the drying process. We tested the bark of oak, beech, hornbeam, spruce and pine in terms of ERG concentration and endogenous sterols content. The highest concentration of ERG was obtained for bark of coniferous species (1483.0 and 227.6 mg/kg for spruce and pine respectively), while much lower was found for deciduous (27.4−127.7 mg/kg). No sterols were found in the bark of deciduous trees after the drying process, with the exception of campesterol which was detected only in bark of beech and hornbeam. However, they were found in samples of conifer bark at the level of 1.6−1.78 mg/kg. The bark of deciduous trees is safer in terms of microbiology, and thus can be used in various industries as a secondary raw material.
It was found previously that methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) induced leaf abscission in Kalanchoe blossfeldiana. In present studies it was showed that JA-Me did not affect or only slightly affected the content of free and bound fatty acids in petioles and blades. ß-Sitosterol, campesterol and ß-amyrin were identified in petioles and blades of K. blossfeldiana; JA-Me decreased the content of campesterol in petioles and increased the content of ß-sitosterol in blades. In blades of plants treated with JA-Me disappearance of olean-12-one was indicated but appearance of 2H-cyclopropa|a]-naphthalen-2-one,l, la, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7a, 7b-octahydro-1. 1, 7, 7a-tetramethyl (aristolone) was documented. The significance of these findings in leaf abscission induced by methyl jasmonate in K. blossfeldiana is discussed.
It has been shown previously that methyl jasmonate (JA-Me) applied in lanolin paste on the bottom surface of intact tulip leaves causes a rapid and intense its senescence. The aim of this work was to study the effect of JA-Me on free and bound fatty acid and sterol contents during tulip leaf senescence. The main free and bound fatty acids of tulip leaf, in decreasing order of their abundance, were linolenic, linoleic, palmitic, oleic, stearic and myristic acids. Only the ęontent of free linolenic acid decreased after treatment with JA-Me during visible stage of senescence. ß-Sitosterol (highest concentration), campesterol, stigmasterol and cholesterol were identified in tulip leaf. Methyl jasmonate evidently increased the level of ß-sitosterol, campesterol and stigmasterol during induced senescence. It is suggested that the increase in sterol concentrations under the influence of methyl jasmonate induced changes in membrane fluidity and permeability, which may be responsible for senescence.
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