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Aura
|
1993
|
nr 04
12-13
The Międzyodrze Landscape Park is planned park in a part of an area valuable in terms of nature and landscape in Szczecin Province, having the Lower Odra Valley as the axis. The author discusses physiographic and natural features of this area, and points out the main sources of these threats (Dolna Odra Power Plant, Pomorzany Combined Heat and Power Plant, Chemitex-Wiskord Chemical Fibers Factory, industrial and urban areas of Szczecin, Gryfin and Schwedt) and lists the types of threats.
The author disagrees with views of cascade designers, and states that this project has no justification. He puts forward a question whether the Vistula should be controlled at all and why, what should we understand as the development of civilization, and what romanticism and realism mean in regard to nature. Realism is based on preserving things which are rare, unique, of increasing value, and those which are being irreversibly destroyed elsewhere. This includes preservation of natural river courses in valleys, together with their habitats and biological diversity. Designing projects aimed at complete reshaping of river courses, their draining and damming is a romantic fantasy being also costly and having no future.
When in 13th century the woods around Olkusz were felled for smelting industry, the sands took over. An area of over 30 km sq became a desert with dunes, sand storms, mirages and twisters. In the second part of 20th century, work began to re-establish the woodland. This enormous effort has been successfully seen through. However, was the fight to revert the desert into woodland right? The authors present arguments on the contrary.
Aura
|
1995
|
nr 07
22-23
Amphibians are the most threatened group of vertebrates. Visible and stronger declines in amphibian population appear not only in Poland, but all over the world. The author presents the most common cases in which amphibians die. He also discusses ways of counteracting these trends: placing them under protection and creating conditions favourable to the existence of these animals.
Aura
|
1994
|
nr 05
15-16
The upper Silesia, the region in Poland with the highest density of the heavy industry, with its detrimental technology and improper pollution control systems which should prevent excessive amounts of toxic substance discharged to soil, water and atmosphere, represents an exceptionally degraded area. Such a disturbance of the natural conditions results in exposing living organisms beyond their tolerance ranges. The author presents the extent and range of animal tolerance toward environmental changes. He also suggests taking up urgent integrated research.
Owing to unreasonable behaviour of Man there is a real danger of environmental disaster. There are many reasons for this, chiefly widening of the hole in the ozone layer over the Arctic and constant destruction of the atmospheric ozone layer as a whole. In spite of many efforts aimed at reducing production and use of substances decomposing ozone, depletion of the ozone layer proceeds three times faster compared with earlier projections. The depletion of ozone results chiefly from man-made effects: deforestation and forest dieback, also outside the tropical zone. Massive destruction of forests results in decreased production of oxygen and resin but can also alter climate.
The national security debate often calls for the inclusion of ecological threats into the security policy agenda. In the ongoing discussion, polemic argumentation counters the notion of environmental security, criticizing the inadequacy of handling environmental problems in the light of a threat/defense issues. However, it is outweighed by the urgency of the situation, which indicates severe dangers for the world, should environmental degradation proceed in the current pace.
Aura
|
1996
|
nr 10
15-17
In large forest complexes, meadows group mainly in river valleys. Surrounded by forested areas, they remained unchanged as long as their utilization pattern was steady. However, drastic changes have occurred in recent years. Lower profitability of meadow utilization has meant that meadows have ceased to be mown. An unmown meadow changes rapidly, a succession proces begins which leads to the meadow being overgrown with forest, and consequently to disappearance of meadows located in forested areas. The universality of the threat to meadow vegetation occurring all over Poland is a challenge to nature protection institutions, including national parks. The author presents this problem using the Drawieński National Park as an example; he also discusses measures aimed at counteracting this phenomenon.
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