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All previously known former Yugoslavian terrestrial slugs of the families Arionidae, Milacidae, Limacidae and Agriolimacidae have been discussed in this paper. The author conducted his research in the former Yugoslavia's territory in 1982-1983. He has also examined material from museums and private collections. The taxa, from the family to the species, are provided with full synonymy, more important references, descriptions of the external appearance and systematically useful anatomical characters, information on ecology and distribution in the world, list of new and already known localities, and comments, which - e.g. - help to distinguish a particular taxon from other ones. There are also keys to all the families and species, characteristics of the former Yugoslavia's slug fauna figures of all the species (nearly all made by the author himself) and distribution maps on a simplified UTM grid. The occurrence of 48 species has been established. Six other, in the author's opinion, were erroneously recorded in literature and should not be reckoned among the fauna of this area. Besides, 11 species mentioned by former authors still have a completely unclear status. Two species new to science have been described, i.e. Tandonia rara and Deroceras maasseni, and 20 names synonymized.
The name Deroceras panormitanum is generally applied to a terrestrial slug that has spread worldwide and can be a pest; earlier this tramp species had been called Deroceras caruanae. Neither name is appropriate. The taxonomic descriptions apply to a species from Sicily and Malta. This true D. panormitanum and the tramp species are distinct in morphology and mating behaviour. For instance, the penial caecum of D. panormitanum is more pointed, everting faster at copulation. The size of the penial lobe varies considerably In preserved specimens but is always prominent at copulation. D. panormitanum is distinct from the Maltese endemic Deroceras golcheri, but a phylogeny based on mtDNA COI sequences implies that they are more closely related than is the tramp species. D. golcheri has a still closer counterpart on Sicily, but we leave the taxonomy of this “species X” unresolved. In interspecific crosses, D. panormitanum may transfer sperm to the partner’s sarcobelum whereas the partner fails to evert its penis (D. golcheri) or to transfer sperm (the tramp species). Names previously applied to the tramp species originally referred to D. panormitanum or are otherwise invalid, so it is here formally redescribed as D. invadens. Deroceras giustianum Wiktor, 1998 is synonymised with D. panormitanum.
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