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The strength of lower limbs in elite gymnasts and swimmers

100%

Wiazewicz A., Wisniowski W., Sacewicz T., Czajka M.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2020

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tom 29

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nr 1

2

Free carnitine content in urine of top Polish swimmers before and after 21-days of supplementation

100%

Przybylski S.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1999

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tom 08

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nr 5

3

The assessment of aerobic physical capacity in young swimmers

86%

Lubkowska W., Troszczynski J.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2013

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tom 02

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nr 2

The purpose of this paper was to confront some selected physiological parameters that describe aerobic capacity with young swimmers’ sports achievements. For the study, some athletes with the average age of 14.67, who train swimming at the SMS Szczecin Club, were selected. A progressive test of their oxygen power was performed in order to determine their aerobic capacity, with the means of the European Ranking (LEN). Each swimmer’s sports level was presented in points [pts.]. The swimmers’ characteristics were presented as divided into three groups: (S) – short-distance specialization, (M) – medium-distance specialization and (L) – longdistance specialization. In group (S), maximum oxygen consumption – VO2max [l/min] achieved the levels of 3.95 [l/min] (male swimmers) and 2,77 [l/min] (female swimmers); in group (M) – 4.12 [l/min] and 2.97 [l/min], respectively; and in group (L) – 4.14 [l/min] and 3.338 [l/min]. Among male swimmers, level of VO2max [ml/kg/min] equaled 58.96 – group (S), 59.72 – group (M) and 62.10 – group (L); while among female swimmers it reached 48.67 (S), 49.36 (M) and 54.60 (L), respectively. The recorded values of VO2max [ml/kg/min] qualify the young swimmers to the group of people with a very high physical capacity. Our selection of Szczecin’s athletes to individual groups proved to be correct. The considerations presented in the paper bring one’s attention to the substantive quality of the intake and selection of swimmers. In the selection, it is necessary to take such physiologic rates as VO2max or VO2/HR into consideration.

4

Comparison of selected morphological, rheological and biochemical parameters of winter swimmers’ blood at the end of one winter swimming season and at the beginning of another

86%

Teleglow A., Marchewka J., Tabarowski Z., Rembiasz K., Glodzik J., Scislowska-Czarnecka A.

Folia Biologica

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2015

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tom 63

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nr 3

5

Comparative characteristics of functional capability of 11-12 year-old swimmers connected with their gender and possibilities of its improvement

86%

Golovkina V., Salnukowa S.

Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna

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2018

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tom 17

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nr 1

In the initial stages of the long-term swimmers’ training, the age-related functional capability of athletes should be taken into account. The improvement of young swimmer’ skills should be done in terms of an integrated approach to the promotion of physical fitness. The article presents the results of the study of aerobic and anaerobic capacity of 11–12-year-old swimmers under the condition of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max), the maximum amount of external mechanical work for 10s (VanT10), 30s (VanT30), 60s (MKMMD). For the scientific substantiation of the expediency of implementing the method of interval hypoxic training and elements of aquafitness in the training process of 11–12 year-old swimmers, it is necessary to investigate the indexes of functional preparedness of 11–12 year-old swimmers, depending on their gender. It has been found out that the level of aerobic productivity of the boys’ bodies equals “good”, and the girls’ – “excellent” according to Y.P. Pyarnat. Elements of aquafitness and interval hypoxic training are recommended to be applied to improving aerobic and anaerobic capacity of swimmers at the stage of initial basic training.

6

Factor structure of swimmers for evaluating endurance and predicting 5000-m indoor and open water swimming performance

86%

Vural F., Ozkol M. Z., Aksit T.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

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2019

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tom 11

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nr 2

7

Rating training load of disabled swimmers in general preparation sub-period

86%

Bolach B., Seidel W., Mrozkowiak M.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2020

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tom 31

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nr 3

8

Swimming and bathing in Czechoslovakia until 1938

72%

Tomsova P.

Sport i Turystyka. Środkowoeuropejskie Czasopismo Naukowe

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2018

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tom 01

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nr 1

Swimming and bathing in Czechoslovakia started to take shape at the beginning of the 19th century. At first, suitable locations in nature were used, with the first swimming baths built later on, primarily on rivers. The first competitive swimming races were held in 1845 on the Vltava River and in 1890, the AC Prague Sports Club founded a swimming department which also in-cluded competitive swimming races. In 1914, the Czech Union of Swimming was founded and in 1919 it was renamed as the Czechoslovak Amateur Swimming Association. The number of swimming pools at this time was very low, the conditions of Czechoslovak swimmers were not ideal, and their results at international swimming competitions suffered as a result.

9

Use of different methods for testing morphological characteristics and evaluation of body tissue composition of swimmers

72%

Pietraszewska J., Jakubowski W.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2013

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tom 03

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nr 3

Specific characteristics of sport disciplines require their performers to meet certain demands, also those related to body build. A success is conditioned, among other things, by the morphological structure of competitors. For this cause, their somatic features should be taken into consideration in the selection process. The aim of this research was to describe the level of morphological development and body proportions of swimmers in comparison to their non-practicing peers. What is more, different methods were used to evaluate body tissue composition. The research was based on the measurements of 33 swimmers and 36 non-practicing sport males as a control group, with the average training period of 9 years. The subjects ranged from 18 to 23 years of age. The anthropometric features were examined. Two methods, anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance, were used to estimate the amount of body fat. Athletes performing swimming are characterized by the significant body height, long trunk, wide range of arms and highly developed shoulder girdle. Directed and systematic training has an influence on a great development of the upper part of the trunk and a slight decrease in body fat. The observed differences indicate that depth, circumference and mobility of the chest developed in swimming have a positive influence on the respiratory system. Poor differences observed in the amount of fat in the athletes and non-practicing subjects may result from the fact that the body accumulates fat tissue, used as a good thermal insulation.

10

The relationship between selected anthropometric variables and the sports results of early pubescent swimmers

72%

Bielec G., Jurak D.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

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2019

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tom 11

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nr 1

11

Opinions and attitudes of recreational swimmers from Kosice to other sport activities

72%

Matus I., Labudova J.

Prace Naukowe Akademii im. Jana Długosza w Częstochowie. Kultura Fizyczna

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2016

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tom 15

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nr 3

Regular physical activity positively affects the entire organism and also the vitality of the human body. The aim of our study was to analyse the attitude of recreational swimmers to other sports activities. The research group involved 55 participants from Košice (35 men aged 34±11,7 and 20 women aged 33±10,7). As a research method, we used a questionnaire with mostly closed questions. The answers of recreational swimmers suggest a positive finding that recreational swimming inspires them to practice also other sports activities. Most of the recreational swimmers practice other sports activities that are not organized but they do other sports activity 1–5 times per week. The men prefer and practice more sports activities per week than women (p <0,05). The participants mostly practice cycling, running, men also play football and hockey, wheres women practice fitness and dance. Most of the participants would like to do more activities but they are limited by lack of free time and specifically women are limited by family care (p <0,05). All the participants practice other sports activities because of their own need, whilst women chose to maintain appropriate body weight and good figure as the significant reasons for practicing the sports activity. In general, we can conclude that recreational swimmers, who practice swimming 1–2 times per week and also practice 1–5 times per week other sports activities, have enough physical activity positively influencing their health and physical condition.

12

Ergogenic effects of dietary nitrates in female swimmers

72%

Pospieszna B., Wochna K., Jerszynski D., Goscinna K., Czapski J.

Trends in Sport Sciences

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2016

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tom 23

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nr 1

Introduction.A diet enriched with inorganic nitrates by increasing nitrite plasma levels, has been described to benefit exercise performance, blood pressure, endothelial function, and other body functions. It was also proven that additional dietary polyphenols, e.g. red wine or fruits such as strawberries, currants and berries, significantly stimulate the NO₃⁻ – NO₂⁻ – NO metabolic pathway. Aim of Study. A double-blind crossover study was performed to evaluate the influence of 8-day nitrate-rich (5.1 mmol NO₃⁻ ) juice supplementation (C – carrot juice versus B/A – beetroot juice with chokeberry addition) on blood pressure and exercise tolerance in female swimmers. Material and Methods. Eleven female swimmers volunteered for the study (age 20.9 ± 1.3 years). A two-part freestyle swimming exercise test was performed: the anaerobic part consisting of six 50 meter maximal sprints, and the endurance part consisting of an 800 meter continuous swim. Blood Pressure (BP) and Heart Rate (HR) at rest, performance time of all the distances, and peak HR after both test parts were assessed. Results. There were no significant differences in blood pressure and heart rate at rest between two measurement terms. Improvements in 50 meter sprint performance were noted in later repetitions (3-6) of the anaerobic part of the test, and they were more pronounced after B/A juice supplementation. The significant increase in the 800 meter freestyle swim performance was obtained after consuming both juices. However, during C juice supplementation this improvement was accompanied by a significant increment in peak heart rate. Conclusions. 8-day supplementation with beetroot juice with chokeberry addition increases exercise tolerance in both, repeated, maximal and endurance swims. Ergogenic effects of carrot juice with a high nitrate content seem to be possible in young female swimmers, but they still require further research.

13

Analysis of training loads among swimmers with disabilities during specific preparation period

72%

Karpiel Z., Kozikowska K., Sasin D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2021

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tom 33

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nr 01

14

Assessment of young swimmers’ technique with Tec Pa tool

72%

Papadimitriou K., Papadimitriou N., Gourgoulis V., Barkoukis V., Loupos D.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2021

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tom 34

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nr 02

15

Nutritional principles of adolescent swimmers

72%

Ferens K., Przeliorz-Pyszczek A.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2019

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tom 25

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nr 1

16

Selection in swimming training - theoretical study

58%

Eider P.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2014

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tom 05

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nr 1

The aim of this research study is to summarize the notion of preference and selection, which are considered to be the key element of sports training, whatever the discipline. This review provides a theoretical study on the subject. The introduction section deals with the abovementioned terminology, whereas the main paragraph predominantly discusses the process of preference and selection in swimming. Pre-school period (6–7 years of age) is the most significant for swimming selection. Such selection should be led by adequately qualified trainers with long-standing experience in professional training of young swimmers. Young swimming candidates should be characterized by higher-level motor skills, which in turn affect the time/efficiency of acquiring new swimming techniques and sport level. In selection process, it is advised/important to utilize tests which predominantly determine the level of specific motor skills such as: speed, strength, agility, motor coordination, suppleness, and so-called ‘water feeling’. The above mentioned motor skills play an important role in sport training and sport performance. During selection process, sports team trainers should pay special attention to child’s body posture and its length parameters, specifically body’s height, length of upper and lower extremities, length of hands and feet, width parameters of the shoulders and chest. First Grade school swimming classes enrollment is also a crucial factor in identifying sport talents. The selection process should be transparent, have clear health, somatic, as well as motoric requirements, which then affect the pace and effectiveness of acquiring swimming skills and sport level.

17

Cardiovascular response to vestibular stimulation in cyclic, situational and stereotypical complex coordination kinds of sports

58%

Nazarenko A. S., Chinkin A. S.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2014

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tom 05

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nr 1

The aim of the work is the study of the dependence of cardiovascular system reaction to the vestibular stimulation on the peculiarities of movements in the above-mentioned kinds of sports. Vestibular reactions of 108 males were studied, 93 of which were involved in cyclic (middle and long distance jogging, cross-country skiing, swimming), situational (sports game) and difficult to coordinate movements of stereotypical sports (gymnastics). The above facts indicate that sports contribute to the adaptation to vestibular load and, as a consequence, the development of less severe autonomic reactions to vestibular stimulation. It is essential that the vestibular resistance develops not only in those sports in which the motor activity abounds in a corner acceleration but also in those species sports where such similar accelerations are minimal. The influence of the specifics of the motor activity in some sports is reflected in the value of response in tests with a change of a head position.

Ograniczanie wyników

The strength of lower limbs in elite gymnasts and swimmers

Free carnitine content in urine of top Polish swimmers before and after 21-days of supplementation

The assessment of aerobic physical capacity in young swimmers

Comparison of selected morphological, rheological and biochemical parameters of winter swimmers’ blood at the end of one winter swimming season and at the beginning of another

Comparative characteristics of functional capability of 11-12 year-old swimmers connected with their gender and possibilities of its improvement

Factor structure of swimmers for evaluating endurance and predicting 5000-m indoor and open water swimming performance

Rating training load of disabled swimmers in general preparation sub-period

Swimming and bathing in Czechoslovakia until 1938

Use of different methods for testing morphological characteristics and evaluation of body tissue composition of swimmers

The relationship between selected anthropometric variables and the sports results of early pubescent swimmers

Opinions and attitudes of recreational swimmers from Kosice to other sport activities

Ergogenic effects of dietary nitrates in female swimmers

Analysis of training loads among swimmers with disabilities during specific preparation period

Assessment of young swimmers’ technique with Tec Pa tool

Nutritional principles of adolescent swimmers

Selection in swimming training - theoretical study

Cardiovascular response to vestibular stimulation in cyclic, situational and stereotypical complex coordination kinds of sports