Wyniki wyszukiwania

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Septomarginal trabecula and anterior papillary muscle in primate hearts: developmental issues

100%

Kosinski A., Zajaczkowski M., Kuta W., Kozlowski D., Szpinda M., Grzybiak M.

Folia Morphologica

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2013

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tom 72

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nr 3

The septomarginal trabecula is present in all human hearts as well as in the hearts of other primates. It usually connects the interventricular septum with the anterior papillary muscle, although there are many variations in how this is achieved. The object of the analyses was to estimate the bilateral topography of the septomarginal trabecula and the anterior papillary muscle in the context of the ontogeny and phylogeny of primates. A total of 138 hearts were examined from number of different non-human primates. The presence of the septomarginal trabecula was confirmed in 94.9% of cases, although not in the hearts of Lemur varius. Four configurations could be distinguished by defining the location of the septomarginal trabecula and its relation to the anterior papillary muscle. For the hearts of the Strepsirrhini and the majority of Platyrrhini neither structure was related, whereas in all examined representatives of Hominoidea they had fused and created morphologically varying forms. On the basis of these results, a concept was developed for the sequence of changes which the topography of the septomarginal trabecula and the anterior papillary muscle undergo during ontogeny and phylogeny. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72; 3: 202–209)

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Plasticity of the primate visual pathway following lesions in early and mature life

86%

Rosa M.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2019

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tom 79

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nr Suppl.1

In primates, visual function is dominated by the pathway that transmits visual information from the retina, via the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN), to the primary visual cortex (V1). Although lesions of V1 lead to blindness, it is well documented that residual visual function can be retained within scotomas caused by V1 lesions, including (largely subconscious) abilities to locate some types of stimuli, and even to coarsely evaluate their characteristics (“blindsight”). These observations indicate that other thalamic projections can convey retinal inputs directly to the extrastriate cortex, bypassing V1. The exact characteristics of blindsight depend markedly on the age at which the lesion occurs. Patients and monkeys who sustained lesions early in life often show a greater range of abilities than those who had lesions in adulthood, including, in many cases, conscious perception. My laboratory has been investigating the types of physiological changes in subcortical and cortical areas which mediate such outcomes. For this purpose, we have developed a V1 lesion model based on the marmoset monkey, a small new world primate in which the anatomy and physiology of the visual pathways has been well characterised, and has accelerated development in comparison with macaque monkeys. In this talk, I will briefly review the characteristics of the marmoset as an advantageous animal model for studies of primate vision, including plasticity, describe recent findings on the physiological consequences of V1 lesions at different ages, and briefly report on current lines of work aimed at understanding the full circuitry of the marmoset visual cortex using a neuroinformatics approach.

3

The importance of color vision for fruit detection by squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

72%

Araujo M. F. P., Lima E. M., Pessoa V. F.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2005

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tom 65

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nr 5

4

Categorical processing of continuous dimensions in inferotemporal cortex

72%

Jagadeesh B.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2005

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tom 65

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nr 5

5

The human frontal eye fields in attention and eye movements

72%

Muggleton N. G.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2005

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tom 65

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nr 5

6

Comparative research on the topography of middle and small cardiac veins in humans and other primates

72%

Duda B., Grzybiak M., Jerzemowski J.

Folia Morphologica

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2003

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tom 62

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nr 3

277-279

Many researchers have been interested in cardiac veins, which at present play a very important clinical role in invasive cardiology. In this study the occurrence of middle and small cardiac veins and the topography of their outlet portions were examined. The material consisted of 150 adult human hearts of both sexes of 18 to 85 years of age and 50 adult hearts of representatives of various primates. In the material examined a middle cardiac vein was always observed, whereas the presence of a small cardiac vein was less consistent. The outlet portions of the main veins of the heart were characterised by significant variability.

7

Location, location, location: the role of brain atlases and spatial integration of multimodal imaging data in whole brain mapping projects

72%

Majka P.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2019

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tom 79

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nr Suppl.1

Spatial integration of multimodal imaging data is a common denominator of all whole brain mapping projects. This process requires robust image registration pipelines, high‑ quality 3D brain atlases, as well as, scalable methods for quantitative image analysis. During the talk, I will discuss the computational challenges behind these components, exemplify ways of addressing them, and discuss requirements for setting up one’s own computational pipeline. I will also demonstrate how these novel computational methods and approaches could provide a deeper understanding of the structure and function of the central nervous system, especially in the context of high-throughput and large‑scale experiments. The talk will be complemented with examples of specific neuroscientific findings arising from whole brain mapping projects in rodents and primates, highlighting synergy between the computational and experimental aspects in these projects.

8

Economics in the primate brain

72%

Platt M. L.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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2005

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tom 65

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nr 5

9

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An unusual early primate from the Paleocene Paskapoo Formation, Alberta, Canada

58%

Fox R.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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2011

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tom 56

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nr 1

A new plesiadapiform primate, Phoxomylus puncticuspis gen. et sp. nov., is described based on an isolated but well−preserved upper molar from the early Tiffanian (late Paleocene) Cochrane 2 locality, southwestern Alberta, Canada. Although possessing a robust postprotoconal fold, an unambiguous synapomorphy of primates, Phoxomylus differs from other plesiadapiforms in its retention of primitive molar features, including acutely pointed major cusps and sharp crests, deep trigon basin, and lack of the bunodont coronal specializations that purportedly marked the transition from insectivorous non−primate ancestors to omnivorous/frugivorous basal primates. Coronal features of the holotype of P. puncticuspis imply that during mastication the mandible was adducted in a near−vertical plane, with little capacity for the transverse movement that is already seen in molar morphology of the earliest and most basal plesiadapiform, Purgatorius. Instead, molar morphology in P. puncticuspis implies emphasis on vertical piercing and shearing, specializations for insectivory unlikely to have been derived via reversal from plesiadapiform ancestors having more bunodont molars adapted for omnivory/frugivory. If that is the case, a long “ghost lineage” must link P. puncticuspis to other, basal plesiadapiforms that have yet to be discovered but that had not yet evolved omnivorous adaptations of the dentition.

10

Tarsioid primate from the Early Tertiary of the Mongolian People’s Republic

58%

Dashzeveg D., McKenna M. C.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

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1977

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tom 22

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nr 2

A tiny tarsioid primate occurs in early Eocene sediments of the Naran Bulak Formation, southern Gobi Desert, Mongolian People's Republic. The new primate, Altanius orlovi, new genus and species, is an anaptomorphine omomyid and therefore belongs to a primarily American group of primates. Altanius is apparently not a direct ancestor of the Asian genus Tarsius. American rather than European zoogeographic affinities are indicated, and this in turn supports the view that for a time in the earliest Eocene the climate of the Bering Route was sufficiently warm to support a primate smaller than Microcebus.

11

The volitional nature of the simplest reflex

58%

Wolpaw J. R., Carp J. S.

Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis

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1993

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tom 53

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nr 1

Ograniczanie wyników

Septomarginal trabecula and anterior papillary muscle in primate hearts: developmental issues

Plasticity of the primate visual pathway following lesions in early and mature life

The importance of color vision for fruit detection by squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus)

Categorical processing of continuous dimensions in inferotemporal cortex

The human frontal eye fields in attention and eye movements

Comparative research on the topography of middle and small cardiac veins in humans and other primates

Location, location, location: the role of brain atlases and spatial integration of multimodal imaging data in whole brain mapping projects

Economics in the primate brain

An unusual early primate from the Paleocene Paskapoo Formation, Alberta, Canada

Tarsioid primate from the Early Tertiary of the Mongolian People’s Republic

The volitional nature of the simplest reflex