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Mistletoe is semiparasite adversely affecting the functioning of their hosts especially at water management level. So far, there have been no reports about the impact of mistletoe on seeds from any host. The aim of the work was to evaluate the effect of the presence of mistletoe on the quality of the seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris). Unopened cones from infected and uninfected trees were collected in April 2015 in the Excluded Seed Stand in Bolewice Forest District (52°23‵54.347‵N; 16°05‵01.978‵E). Measurements of cones and seeds were made. Some seeds were used for pot experiment, where the seedlings were planted from May to October 2015. On the second part of the seeds in the end of July and August germination tests were made. The size and mass of the cones, the number and weight of seeds, and the height and weight of the seedlings were lower for the material collected from the mistletoe trees. The differences were not large but statistically significant (tabs. 1 and 2). The results showed that mistletoe has a negative impact on the parameters of cones, seedlings and seeds quality.
Przedstawiono występowanie jemioły pospolitej jodłowej Viscum album L. subsp. abietis (Wiesb.) Janch. na nowym żywicielu, którym jest wierzba iwa Salix caprea. Drzewo żywicielskie rośnie na polanie Wielkie Załonie w Krościenku nad Dunajcem (Pieniny Zachodnie) na miedzy w zadrzewieniu śródpolnym. Stanowisko znajduje się w sąsiedztwie jednego z najobfitszych stanowisk jemioły pospolitej jodłowej w Pieninach, w otoczeniu lasu Łupisko i doliny Łonnego Potoku
European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) is a semi−parasitic plant attacking selected tree species. It adversely affects the functioning of its hosts especially at water management level. Scots pine infestation by mistletoe subspecies Viscum album ssp. austriacum becomes more and more common. Mistletoe has been proven to have a negative impact on Scots pine cones, seedlings and seeds quality. Thus, we decided to analyze the influence of this parasite on the radial growth of the Scots pine. The following hypotheses were tested: 1) mistletoe has negative effects on the radial growth of trees, and 2) trees infested with mistletoe are more sensitive to climatic factors, especially to low precipitation. The study was performed in western Poland, in the Scots pine excluded seed stand in the Bolewice Forest District (52°23′54″N, 16°05′01″E). We determined the association between pine radial growth and climatic factors (precipitation and temperature). Wood samples (cores) were taken from 15 infested and 15 non−infested trees and subjected to the standard procedure of dendrochronological dating. The study showed that radial growth rate decreased more intensively in trees infested by mistletoes, but it did not show the different climatic response of trees infested and non−infested, probably due to a short time of infestation. Scots pine is the main economic forest species in Poland and mistletoe can significantly affect the growth and development of pines. It is necessary to investigate the impact of mistletoe on stands and ecosystems, as well as to determine the methods of prevention and management of mistletoe tree stands.
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