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Chosen physical parameters of the lucerne juice

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Рабога содержит результаты измерений величины коэффициента преломления - n, коэффициента экстинкции - Е, проводимости - γ во время коагуляции и фильтрации сока из люцерны. Эти 3 параметра сильно зависели от концентрации сухой массы в соку во время отделения белка. Параметры Е и n могут применяться обменно для определения процентной концентрации сухой массы, что является более быстрым и простым исследованием, а также увеличивает точность определения. Возможность точного измерения гамма-проводимости позволяет исследовать изменения в пробах из очередных сборов, после сбора, а также зависимость от степени спелости и других факторов, влияющих на химический состав сока.
The paper is referring to the geotechnical centrifuge modelling that is used to prove the gabion facing wall stability. The gabion reinforcement wall is 15.3 meters tall and 17 meters length. The centrifuge model was speed up to 50 g and 75 g, and hadn't failure. The test results show that the largest settlements under 75 g speed was about 2.25 meters vertically and mainly in the gabion wall and just behind the gabion section. The largest settlements under 50 g speed was about 1.07 meter vertically and 1.8 meters horizontally. The value of the settlement increases with the shortness of the reinforcement. The value of the settlement decreases with the reduction of the gabion spacing in the wall facing. Reinforced gabion retaining wall can work safely. Nevertheless, mechanical and deformation behaviors need to be studied for wide applying in a practical engineering.
This paper presents the results of speciation analysis of aluminium in the River Silnica. The concentration of individual aluminium forms has been correlated with the select physical and chemical parameters of water.
The taxonomic composition of macroinvertebrates in the Liwiec River and its tributaries situated in central and eastern Poland was studied during three seasons (spring, summer and autumn). Simultaneously, physical and chemical parameters of water were measured. Water parameters were different in each study period. Macroinvertebrates samples collected in summer and autumn were much more diversified than the samples collected in spring. In the spring samples a greater EPT diversity was observed, while in the samples collected in autumn Odonata, Coleoptera and Heteroptera were more diversified. The values of the BMWP-PL index were slightly higher for the summer and autumn samples than for the spring ones. Correlation between the concentration of oxygen in water and the number of individuals of Plecoptera and Trichoptera larvae was noted. The negative correlation between the values of BOD₅, the concentration of nitrate ions and conductivity, and the number of macroinvertebrate families was observed. A negative correlation also was noted between nitrate and phosphate ion concentrations and the number of individual insect larvae.
Alcoholic emulsion creams are characterized with high viscosity and density, which makes the alcohol content and other physical and chemical parameters determination of products significantly difficult. Analytical methods applied for the determination of ethanol, are labor-consuming, they are characterized with low precision, require the sample distillation and the achieved results are mostly underestimated. On a base of comparison of various distillation techniques and determination methods, it can be stated that ethanol concentration measurements in alcoholic creams using pycnometric and DMA-58 density-meter after previous sample distillation (100 cm3 of cream + 200 cm3 of water), are distinguished with relatively high precision and result repeatability. Also applying the SPME extraction in gaseous phase along with chromatographic analysis seems to be advantageous. The method based on the refractometric measurement of toluene and benzene extracts of egg emulsions is characterized with short performance time, sufficient precision and very low costs.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the temperature and humidity of air and light conditions in autumn in SK Nowielice stables. This study did not reveal any aberrancies from proper zoohygienic standards and thus did not decrease in horse welfare in autumn.
Fluorescent Pseudomonas (FP) is a major group of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and a well-known synthesizer of siderophores, which imparts a selective advantage on rhizosphere competence and their biocontrol traits. The present study was aimed at examining the factors affecting the production of siderophores and their potential biocontrol traits. Sixteen FP isolates were shortlisted based on their siderophore-producing ability in chrome azural S medium. The isolates were checked for variations in siderophore production under varying incubation times, temperatures, pH, iron (Fe3+) concentrations and mutagens. In addition, the iron binding affinity of siderophores, mycelial inhibition assay and plant growth promotion traits were assessed. Results showed that the siderophore production was highly influenced by the time of incubation, changes in pH, temperature and iron concentration. Chemical characterization showed that the produced siderophores were hydroxamates. Maximum siderophore production was observed at pH 7 whereas UV and EtBr exposure invariably suppressed siderophore production drastically in all isolates. All FPs from maize rhizosphere showed excellent siderophore production which could be due to the competence in strategy-II of the plant rhizosphere and significant growth inhibition on Fusarium oxysporum. Our results suggest the inclination of siderophores to iron, in terms of various criteria affecting production and the possible role of environmental mutations that affect the natural iron harvesting mechanism.
Adoption of sustainable tillage can protect soils from biological degradation and maintain soil quality, as compared with conventional management. This paper presents findings from a long-term tillage experiment carried out in Endocalcari-Endohypogleyic Cambisols on a sandy loam soil in Lithuania. The tillage systems were: conventional (CT), moderate (MT), and no tillage (NT). Tillage intensity positively affected microbial substrate utilization and urease activity, as well as, negatively, dehydrogenase activity, bacteria and fungi amounts, and Shannon diversity index of microbiological community. Higher total porosity provoked higher enzyme activity; but, microbial activity correlated negatively with bulk density.
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