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Included is a comparative study of the molars and posterior premolars of the Cretaceous placentals. Particular attention is paid to occlusal relations. An attempt is made to identify primitive characters, and the advance of each genus from the primitve condition is analysed. It is found that nearly all known genera are on different lines of evolution, indicating that a major radiation of placentals was taking place during the Cretaceous.
Fig mosaic virus (FMV) and Fig badnavirus-1 (FBV-1) are two of the most important fig infecting viruses. The incidence and distribution of FBV-1 and FMV were determined by testing in PCR 138 asymptomatic and symptomatic samples. These samples were collected from 60 fig gardens and agricultural fields in three provinces of Iran. The fig infecting viruses FBV-1 and FMV, respectively, were detected in 92 (66.6%) and 34 (24.6%) samples collected from all the surveyed fields. Overall, 24 out of 138 (17.3%) samples showed mixed infections. The sequence analysis of a genomic fragment of 922 nt, comprising the entire ORF-2 and part of the 5’ termini of the ORF-3 of 10 selected FBV-1 Iranian isolates from different provinces, and of the type member from GenBank (Acc. No: JF411989), showed a variation ranging from 1 to 3% at nucleotide level and 1% at the amino acid level. The phylogenetic analysis grouped the FBV-1 isolates into two groups, with the Iranian isolates clustered in two distinct subgroups of group I, according to their geographical origin. In our research, the prevalence and sequence analysis of FBV-1 as the only identified DNA virus infecting fig trees, was studied for the first time in Iran.
RHD (rabbit haemorrhagic disease) virus (RHDV) is the aetiological factor of the haemorrhagic disease of rabbits and is currently present on all continents. RHDV is a small, envelope-free virus containing genetic material in the form of a 7437-nucleotide long RNA strand. Studies indicate that genetic variability of RDHV strains originating from various parts of the world is approximately 14%, regardless the time and place of isolation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic variability of 6 RHD virus strains from the Czech Republic (CAMPV-561, CAMPV-562, CAMPV-558) and Germany (Frankfurt, Wika, Rossi) based on analysis of fragment of a gene coding a nonstructural p30 protein. The largest variability of nucleotide sequences within the studied fragment was found for the Rossi strain and CAMPV-562 (13.5%) and CAMPV-558 (13.5%), Wika and Frankfurt (12.1%), and CAMPV-561 and Wika (11.2%). Among the Czech strains the largest genetic distance was noted for strains CAMPV-558 and Iowa (0.130/0.140), and in the case of the German strains, for Frankfurt and Iowa (0.123/0.132). A homology tree constructed based on a fragment of ap30 protein-coding gene divided the 14 analysed strains into IV groups of 88% homology. Phylogenetic relationships also divided the tested strains into 4 genetic groups (G1-G4). The larger genetic distance exists between the Czech and German strains and the American ones, and the smallest between them and the European strains.
The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of EBV genotype and del-LMP-1 in saliva from Polish, Taiwanese and Arabic healthy students. The study group consisted of 56 healthy students; 24 of them Polish, 25 Taiwanese, and 7 Arabic. Typing was carried out using PCR with EBNA-2 primers. A detection of LMP-1 variants was also performed using PCR. EBV DNA was detected in 22 investigated samples (39.3%). Type 1 of the virus was dominant in both Polish and Taiwanese group. Among 62.5% Tai wanese with EBV 1 and 55.6% Polish detected EBV with 30-bp deletion in LMP-1 gene.
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