Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Preliminary investigation for forecasting the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after soil fertilization with sewage sludge

100%

Oleszczuk P., Baran S.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2004

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tom 13

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nr 3

In addition to the positive effects on the physical, chemical and biological soil properties of the application of sewage sludge into the soil, there is often an increase of both organic and inorganic pollutants in the soil. One of the most popular organic xenobiotics frequently present in sewage sludge are polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The aim of this study is to determine possibilities for forecasting the content of individual PAHs in the soil on the basis of their content in sewage sludge. Two types of sewage sludge with different PAH contents, both in terms of quantity and quality, were examined. The different types of sludge were introduced into the soil in the following doses: 30, 75, 150, 300 and 600 t/ha. The results obtained showed a clear differentiation in the behaviour of individual PAHs in relation to the dose applied and the type of sewage sludge.

2

Use of high-pressure carbon dioxide extraction with modifiers for the preliminary isolation of organic pollutants

100%

Bakowski W.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1997

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tom 06

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nr 5

The effect of different solvents on extraction with liquid carbon dioxide was studied. Extracted polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were applied on Sephadex C-50 gel. The model PAHs were phenanthrene, pyrene and benzo(a)pyrene. It is stated that the percentage of PAH model extractions was diminished when water-immiscible solvents (cyclohexane, chloroform and benzene) and methanol were added to the system. The addition of acetone and dimethylformamide caused increases in extraction percentage. The optimum content of both these solvents was shown to be approximately 0.8% in relation to the volume of C02 used .Under these conditions, a single extraction in the presence of acetone made it possible to recover 67% of phenanthrene, 62% of pyrene and 86% of benzo(a)pyrene, whereas in the presence of dimethylformamide these numbers were 66%, 80% and 9%, respectively.

3

The importance of degradation in the fate of selected organic compounds in the environment. Part II. Photodegradation and biodegradation

100%

Dabrowski D., Kot-Wasik A., Namiesnik J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2004

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tom 13

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nr 6

Compounds characterized by a slow degradation rate in the environment, i.e. resistant to biodegradation, and photolysis processes, are classified as persistent and have often been considered as potential environmental problems. A more exacting approach recognizes that a compound released to the environment has a tendency to accumulate in one medium more than in others. Hence, partitioning, transport, and transformation rates of any particular compound will differ in each medium. Degradation processes in the dominant medium (where the compound is preferentially accumulated) are expected to have more effect on overall persistence of the measured compound than degradation processes in the other media. Photodegradation and biodegradation are the degradation processes which can naturaly clean up the environment. Biodegradation is expected to be the major mechanism of loss for most chemicals released into the environment. In this study, photodegradation and biodegradation processes of selected organic pollutants in different media have been reviewed.

4

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Development and validation of a method for determination of selected polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners in household dust

86%

Korcz W., Strucinski P., Goralczyk K., Hernik A., Lyczewska M., Czaja K., Matuszak M., Minorczyk M., Ludwicki J. K.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2014

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tom 65

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nr 2

Background. Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) belong to group of so-called persistent organic pollutants (POPs). These compounds occur in nearly all elements of the environment, including household dust which constitutes one of a major route for human exposure. Their main adverse effects on human health are associated mainly with endocrine disruption – they interfere with thyroid function exhibit anti-androgenic action. Objectives. To develop and validate analytical method for determination of BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153, and BDE-209 congeners in household dust. Material and methods. Household dust was sampled in residences from Warsaw and the surrounding areas. An automated Soxhlet extraction of samples was then performed and PBDE congeners were subsequently measured in cleaned-up extracts by GC-μECD. The identity of quantified compounds was confirmed by GC/MS. Results. Household dust samples were fortified at levels of 2.88, and 28.8 ng g-1 for BDE-47, BDE-999, and BDE-153, and for BDE-209 at levels of 101.2, and 540 ng g-1. Recoveries ranged between 72 – 106%. The relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 16% for all PBDE congeners analysed. The relative error determined on the basis of multiple analyses of certified reference material ranged from 1.07 – 20.41%. The method’s relative expanded uncertainty varied between 16 – 21%. Conclusion. The presented method was successfully validated and can be used to measure concentrations of BDE-47, BDE-99, BDE-153 and BDE-209 congeners in household dust.

5

Reduction of organic and inorganic pollutant from waste water by algae

86%

Sahu O.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2014

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tom 08

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nr 1

Recently, algae have become significant organisms for biological purification of wastewater since they are able to accumulate plant nutrients, heavy metals, pesticides, organic and inorganic toxic substances and radioactive matters in their cells/bodies. Biological wastewater treatment systems with micro algae have particularly gained importance in last 50 years and it is now widely accepted that algal wastewater treatment systems are as effective as conventional treatment systems. These specific features have made algal wastewaters treatment systems an significant low-cost alternatives to complex expensive treatment systems particularly for purification of municipal wastewaters. By this method 70 % of biological oxygen demand, 66 % of chemical oxygen demand, 71 % total nitrogen, 67 % of phosphorus, 54 % volatile solid and 51 % of dissolved solid was reduced.

6

Polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] in Poland: occurrence, determination and degradation

86%

Grabowska I.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 1

7-13

One of the main global ecological problems is contamination of the natural environment by persistent organic pollutants (POPs). Polichlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is a group of compounds that belongs to this family of pollutants. Poland, as a European Union member and signatory of international agreements concerning environmental protection, is obliged to regulate the law and intensify work on the control and utilization of biphenyl PCBs. Therefore, the occurence and determination of PCBs in the polish environment (rivers, lakes, sea water and sediments, living organisms and food chains), and the toxicity and degradation methods of these POP compounds is still important.

7

Cyklodekstryny, ich właściwości i zastosowanie w detoksykacji gleb

86%

Jozefaciuk G., Jozefaciuk J.

Acta Agrophysica

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2002

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tom 60

8

Organic compounds in indoor environments

86%

Zabiegala B.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2006

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tom 15

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nr 3

Caring for indoor air quality (IAQ) in so-called non-industrial areas has become increasingly common. Because of people's awareness of hazards related to the presence of different substances in indoor air. A review with 103 references concerning the presence of organic compounds in non-industrial indoor environments is discussed. The main sources of indoor air pollutants are presented. Topics discussed also include: total volatile organic compounds (TVOC) concepts in IAQ evaluation, concentrations of organic compounds in indoor and outdoor air, and the influence of outdoor air on indoor air quality expressed as ratios of indoor (I) to outdoor (O) concentrations (I/O).

9

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons uptake by selected plants in the vicinity of highway

86%

Kluska M.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2005

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tom 31

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nr 1

10

Accumulation rate of polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] in dandelion [Taraxacum officinale] in the conditions of soil contamination with oil derivatives

86%

Malawska M., Wilkomirski B.

Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny

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2001

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tom 52

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nr 4

The study concerned PCB accumulation in soil at two depths (S1: 0-20 cm, S2: 20- 40 cm) and in Taraxacum officinale plants. It was carried out within railway junctions and near railway lines. Various degrees of PCB contamination were detected in soil and parts of plants above the ground level. PCB content in most soil samples was between 100 and 250 ng/g, while in plants it varied from 100 to 800 ng/g. An analysis of the distribution of different groups of PCB congeners in plant and soil material has revealed that the content of hepta-CB and hexa-CB fractions was the highest of all PCBs for both soil depths, as well as for plants. No significant differences were found for the degree of various PCB congener group penetration into the soil, neither in railway junction areas, nor in the vicinity of railway tracks. Statistical test of pair comparison, performed in order to establish the rate at which plants accumulate different groups of PCB congeners has revealed significant differences in accumulation rates for the following pairs: penta-chlorinated congeners are accumulated at a higher rate than tetra-chlorinated ones and hexa-chlorinated congeners are accumulated at a higher rate than penta-chlorinated ones. This phenomenon occurs in the area of railway junctions (areas heavily polluted with oil derivatives). It was found that in the area of railway lines (areas with low levels of pollution) hexa-chlorinated congeners were accumulated at a higher rate than tetra- and penta-chlorinated ones. No significant differences were found for other pairs of PCB congeners. The use of dandelion as a bioindicator of environmental pollution with PCB congeners seems to be a good and reliable source of information about the emission of those substances into the natural environment.

11

Contamination by persistent organic pollutants of invasive species from the Baltic Sea Region

86%

Sapota G., Szaniawska A., Normant M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2005

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tom 34

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nr Suppl.1

12

The isolation of microorganisms capable of phenol degradation

86%

Przybulewska K., Wieczorek A., Nowak A., Pochrzaszcz M.

Polish Journal of Microbiology

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2006

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tom 55

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nr 1

The results of a study on the composition of microflora settling the pilot bio filter bed that purifies the exhausting gases from a cable factory's coil-wire varnishing division are presented in this study. The ability of isolated bacterial strains to biodegrade phenol was also evaluated using culture media of various compositions. Phenol was introduced into the medium at the following concentrations: 0.25, 0.5, 0.75 and 1 g x dm⁻³. In addition, air in desiccators, where microorganisms grew, was saturated with phenol. The isolated microorganisms were graded by the phenol decomposition rate using gas chromatography. The beds of biofilters utilized in industry appeared to be the source of microorganisms capable of degrading phenol. The most active were: Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Gordonia spud, Pseudomonas pudda. Their mixture showed higher degradation activity than the particular isolates. Isolated and identified bacteria metabolized phenol at high rate (about 14 to 42 g x m⁻³ x h⁻³).

13

Persistent organic pollutants remaining in the environment of the Baltic Sea

86%

Sapota G.

Pestycydy

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2004

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nr 3-4

14

The importance of degradation in the fate of selected organic compounds in the environment. Part I. General considerations

86%

Kot-Wasik A., Dabrowska D., Namiesnik J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2004

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tom 13

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nr 6

All chemical compounds may undergo a variety of processes resulting from chemical, biological or photochemical reactions. Depending on the environmental compartment in which organic compounds are present (e.g. soil, benthic sediments, surface and ground waters), they can undergo slow changes resulting from different chemical, physical, biological or photochemical processes. The problem of intermediate products that form during the degradation of substances, the toxicity of substances that are the products of organic compounds degradation, and the ways to identify such substances are discussed.

15

The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons content in selected silty soils

86%

Pranagal J., Oleszczuk P.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2006

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tom 32

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nr 2

16

Halomethanes and organic pollutants in drinking water after disinfection

86%

Bake M., Pastare S., Zilbere U., Pastare I.

Archiwum Ochrony Środowiska

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2002

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tom 28

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nr 4

17

Application of gas chromatography - mass spectrometry for the determination of volatile organic pollutants in plants

86%

Keymeulen R., Van Langenhove H.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1996

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tom 05

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nr 3

18

Sources, concentrations, fate and effects of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons [PAHs] in the environment. Part A: PAHs in air

86%

Maliszewska-Kordybach B.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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1999

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tom 08

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nr 3

19

Enhancement of continuous biodegradation of sulphates and organic pollutants by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans via biomass recirculation

72%

Kosinska K., Miskiewicz T.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series: Biotechnology

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2005

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tom 08

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nr 3

20

Effects of dioxins in environmental pollution on development of tooth disorders

72%

Dobrzynski M., Calkosinski I., Przywitowska I., Kobierska-Brzoza J., Czajczynska-Waszkiewicz A., Soltan E., Parulska O.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2009

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tom 18

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nr 3

319-323

Despite legal regulations limiting emissions of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including dioxins, to the environment, they still constitute a significant component of environmental contamination. They are released in large amounts during various processes of combustion in industry, the management of refuse materials and also as a result of situations that are partially beyond our control, like fires, explosions and damage in chemical industries. Observations originating from various studies prove that exposure to dioxins results in multiple toxic effects on humans and experimental animals. Among the various disorders caused by dioxins are abnormalities in dentition. The effects of dioxin may last long after exposure.

Ograniczanie wyników

Preliminary investigation for forecasting the content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons after soil fertilization with sewage sludge

Use of high-pressure carbon dioxide extraction with modifiers for the preliminary isolation of organic pollutants

The importance of degradation in the fate of selected organic compounds in the environment. Part II. Photodegradation and biodegradation

Development and validation of a method for determination of selected polybrominated diphenyl ether congeners in household dust

Reduction of organic and inorganic pollutant from waste water by algae

Polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] in Poland: occurrence, determination and degradation

Cyklodekstryny, ich właściwości i zastosowanie w detoksykacji gleb

Organic compounds in indoor environments

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons uptake by selected plants in the vicinity of highway

Accumulation rate of polychlorinated biphenyls [PCBs] in dandelion [Taraxacum officinale] in the conditions of soil contamination with oil derivatives