Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Neuropathic alterations of the myenteric plexus neurons following subacute intraperitoneal administration of salsolinol

100%

Kurnik M., Gil K., Gajda M., Thor P., Bugajski A.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

|

2015

|

tom 53

|

nr 1

2

Organisation of autonomic nervous structures in the large intestine of chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina)

100%

Nowak E.

Folia Biologica

|

2013

|

tom 61

|

nr 3-4

3

Myenteric plexuses atrophy in the vicinity of colorectal cancer tissue is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis

100%

Kozlowska A., Kwiatkowski P., Oponowicz A., Majewski M., Kmiec Z., Godlewski J.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

|

2016

|

tom 54

|

nr 2

4

Co-localisation of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the myenteric plexus of the porcine transverse colon

100%

Palus K., Rytel L.

Folia Morphologica

|

2013

|

tom 72

|

nr 4

Cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide (CART) is a substance, which can play the role of neuromediator and/or neuromodulator in nerve structures within the gastrointestinal tract. However knowledge concerning its functions and co-localisation with other neuronal factors is rather scarce. During the present investigation the co-localisation of CART and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) in the neurons of meyenteric plexus within the porcine transverse colon was studied using double immunofluorescence technique and semiquantitative arbitrary scale of the frequency of presence CART+/VIP+, CART+/VIP– and CART–/VIP+ neuronal cells. The most often (+++) CART–/VIP+ neurons were encountered, neurons simultaneously immunoreactive to CART and VIP were observed somewhat rarer (++) and only single (+) CART+/VIP– perikarya were visible. The present study reports for the first time on the co-localisation of CART and VIP in myenteric neurons of the porcine transverse colon. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 4: 328–332)

5

Morphometric analysis of muscularis proper and myenteric plexus of the normal human oesophagus. Age related changes

100%

Milosavljevic Z., Zelen I., Tanaskovic I., Sazdanovic M.

Folia Morphologica

|

2013

|

tom 72

|

nr 3

Background: Oesophagus is a muscular tube that transports food and liquids by coordinated contraction of its muscular lining led by stimuli from the nerve plexus. Its muscularis proper layer consists of muscle cells, connective tissue and myenteric plexus. The aim of our histomorphometric study was to reveal detailed characteristics of this layer, cell number, volume, orientation, properties of myenteric plexus as well as changes related to aging. Materials and methods: Oesophagus tissue samples from 17 male cadavers were taken from the cranial and thoracic parts. Samples were divided in 2 groups: younger (ages 21–45) and older (ages 66–78). The tissue was routinely processed, embedded and serially sectioned. Sections were stained with Masson-Goldner and Cresyl-violet dyes. Digital images were analysed with the image analysis software. Statistics were performed with SPSS software. Results: The average thickness of the cranial part of the oesophageal wall and muscularis proper was 2590 µm and 1197 µm, respectively in the younger and 2453 µm and 1144 µm in the older group. Overall volume of the muscle tissue was slightly larger in the thoracic part, and in the younger group compared to the cranial part and the older group. The average number of the striated muscle cells per 100 µm in the cranial part was 771.5 and 749.7 in the younger and the older group, respectively. Striated cells were significantly less present only in the lower thoracic part of the oesophagus. In the older group, smaller striated muscle cells dominated over the larger ones. In the younger group, majority of the striated muscle cells were mid-sized. The thickness of the circular layer of muscularis proper was more affected by aging than the longitudinal one. Ganglion cells number was lower in the older group, but plexus area was unchanged. Conclusions: Aging affects muscularis proper and myenteric plexus of the oesophagus. Major differences can be observed in the striated muscle cells size, volume of the circular layer and number of the ganglionic cells in the myenteric plexus. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 3: 223–229)

6

Ultrastructural characteristics of myenteric plexus in patients with colorectal cancer

100%

Zauszkiewicz-Pawlak A., Godlewski J., Kwiatkowski P., Kmiec Z.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

|

2017

|

tom 55

|

nr 1

7

Central and peripheral mechanisms by which ghrelin regulates gut motility

100%

Peeters T. L.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

|

2003

|

tom 54

|

nr 4

95-103

Ghrelin is the recently discovered endogenous ligand for the growth hormone secretagogue receptor. This receptor had previously been characterized based on the stimulatory effect of synthetic peptides, enkephalin analogues, on growth hormone secretion by pituitary somatotrophs. Surprisingly, ghrelin is most abundant in the stomach, suggesting that it may have effects beyond the stimulation of growth hormone in the pituitary and that it is a new brain-gut peptide. There is now increasing evidence that ghrelin stimulates motor activity in the gastrointestinal tract. Thus ghrelin induces the migrating motor complex and accelerates gastric emptying. These are effects typical for motilin, the only peptide structurally related to ghrelin. Moreover, the receptors of both peptides are structurally related as well. The motor effects of ghrelin require rather high concentrations, while motilin at high concentrations stimulates growth hormone release. These data suggest cross-reactivity. However, in vitro binding and contractility studies in the rabbit, the classical model to study motilin agonists, show that ghrelin has very weak if any interaction with the motilin receptor. Similarly, in cell lines expressing the receptors for both peptides there is no evidence for cross-reactivity. This corresponds to the fact that the pharmacophore of both peptides is quite different. Therefore, the motor effects must be due to the stimulation of specific central or peripheral ghrelin receptors. In the guinea pig there is evidence from electrophysiology, immunohistochemistry and calcium imaging studies for ghrelin receptors on myenteric neurons. This provides the morphological basis for peripheral effects of ghrelin. In rats, ghrelin, but not motilin, enhances the response of muscle strips to electrical field stimulation by activating cholinergic pathways. In rabbits the opposite is true but some synthetic ghrelin agonists have weak effects which cannot be blocked by motilin antagonists. Apparently ghrelin is the functional equivalent of motilin in the rat, but in rabbits the motilin-ghrelin family may have yet unknown members. in vivo the effect of ghrelin can be blocked by vagotomy and there is evidence for ghrelin receptors on vagal afferents and in the nodose ganglion. Studies in the rat suggest that under physiological conditions circulating ghrelin does not activate the myenteric plexus, but is able to do so following vagotomy. Finally, centrally administered ghrelin also accelerates gastric emptying and ghrelin changes the activity of neurons of the central nuclei involved in signalling information from the gastrointestinal tract. It is concluded that ghrelin may affect gastrointestinal motility via specific ghrelin receptors located on myenteric, vagal and central neurons. Vagal and central pathways appear to be most important. The fact that ghrelin may reverse the effect of ileus on gastric emptying suggests that ghrelin agonists could find therapeutical application as prokinetics.

8

Physiological and morphological effects of long-term vagal stimulation in diet induced obesity in rats

71%

Gil K., Bugajski A., Kurnik M., Zaraska W., Thor P.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology. Supplement

|

2009

|

tom 60

|

nr 3

61-66

Ograniczanie wyników

Neuropathic alterations of the myenteric plexus neurons following subacute intraperitoneal administration of salsolinol

Organisation of autonomic nervous structures in the large intestine of chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina)

Myenteric plexuses atrophy in the vicinity of colorectal cancer tissue is not caused by apoptosis or necrosis

Co-localisation of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript peptide and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide in the myenteric plexus of the porcine transverse colon

Morphometric analysis of muscularis proper and myenteric plexus of the normal human oesophagus. Age related changes

Ultrastructural characteristics of myenteric plexus in patients with colorectal cancer

Central and peripheral mechanisms by which ghrelin regulates gut motility

Physiological and morphological effects of long-term vagal stimulation in diet induced obesity in rats