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The aim of the study was comparison of the milk performance of primiparous cows from 6 European countries with Polish Holstein-Friesians, as well as to demonstrate the differences within the different genetic groups. Material consisted of data contained in the dairy reports gathered from 26 farm “Healthy Cow” project. The analysis involved data including milk yield and its chemical composition, i.e.: fat, protein, lactose, solids, and urea somatic cells count in milk. On the basis of these results, it was found that the country of origin had significant impact on daily milk yield, % fat, % protein, % of lactose and also affected dry matter content, urea and somatic cells in the milk of lactating cows. Research reviled that there were not differences in milk performance between imported and native cows. However, the breed of cows had an strong impact on daily milk production, % protein, % lactose,% dry weight, as well as urea content and somatic cells count.
The aim of the study was the analysis of the condition of goat breeding and husbandry in the Kujawy-Pomerania Province and in country. The results concerning milk and reproduction performance of goats from this region can be used for working out a regional breeding programme. The following was taken into account in this study: the number ofWhite and Coloured Improved goats covered by the performance recording, number of goats entered in the flockbooks, milk performance results for the Kujawy-Pomerania Province as well as for Poland for the years 1996–2009, using the information published by the Central Animal Breeding Station and the documentation of the RegionalAssociation of Sheep and Goats Breeders in Bydgoszcz. The number of flocks of White Improved goats covered by the performance recording in our country decreased from 170 in 1996 to 0 in 2009. A similar downward tendency was observed for the number of goats under milk recording. In the Kujawy-Pomerania Province, the number of goats under milk recording increased from 45 in 1996 to 289 in 2007, and fell to zero from 2008. Analysing the population of Coloured Improved goats, it turned out that, on average, in the whole country, the number of flocks of this breed increased from 17 in 1997 to 23 in 2004, and then decreased to 1 flock in 2009. Similarly, the number of goats under milk recording increased from 175 in 1997 to 917 in 2004 and then fell to 22 in 2009. In the analysed period, the extension of lactations, increased yields of milk, fat and protein and similar contents of these components in milk were found inWhite and Coloured Improved goats.
Black-White cows imported from Holland are characterized by the correct body build. For the 305 days of lactation milk yield averaged 7795 kg with 4,41% fat and 3,35% protein content The average milk yield as FCM per 100 kg of body weight was 1294 kg. Ratio of milk, fat and protein yield obtained at first 100 days of lactation was respectively: 36,2; 36,7 and 33,8% as compared to the 305 days lactation Indices: the ratio of protein to fat content (SBT), the difference between fat and protein content in milk (RTB) and the Sanders index were respectively: 0,77; 1,06 and 254. Phenotypic correlation coefficients between milk performance traits and body measurements were low in values and quite often negative. The only strong relation for the 305 days of lactation was reported between milk protein content and the depth of chest (r = - 0,39; P 0,01).
The study was conducted in the years 2006–2008. The experimental materials comprised 368 Holstein-Friesian cows purchased from Germany as in-calf heifers. The objective of this study was to determine the health status of cows in a commercial herd kept in the Olsztyn region, based on the type and incidence of diseases that occurred during three consecutive lactations, and to analyze the effect of these diseases on milk yield and composition in the first, second and third lactation cycle. The cows were divided into five groups: HEA – clinically healthy cows (showing no disease symptoms), MAS – cows with mastitis, LAM – cows with foot/leg defects and lameness, REP – cows with reproductive problems (retention of the placenta, endometritis, ovarian cysts), MET – cows with metabolic diseases (ketosis, abomasal displacement). It was found that the most common diseases during three consecutive lactations in the investigated herd were endometritis (37.63%) which occurred soon after calving (on day 18 post-partum), mastitis (35.48%), formation of ovarian cysts (10.10%), ketosis (8.39%) and leg/foot defects (6.44%). Retention of the placenta and abomasal displacement were diagnosed much less frequently (1.62% and 0.34% respectively). The percentage of healthy cows decreased in successive lactations (19.81% in the first lactation, 12.28% in the second lactation, 6.22% in the third lactation). During each lactation, more than one third of cows suffered from mastitis. The proportion of cows showing the symptoms of ketosis increased with age, from 5.12% in the first lactation to 12.23% in the third lactation. The highest yields of milk and milk components over a 305-day lactation cycle were noted in cows with reproductive diseases (ROZ). Foot/led defects and lameness (LAM), mastitis (MAS) and metabolic diseases (MET) had the most significant effect on a decrease in milk production.
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