Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 28

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  metody serologiczne
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Since serological methods used in the diagnosis of pneumocystosis may be helpful to a various extent, depending on the stage of a diagnosed infection, it was decided to evaluate the usefulness of some the methods in the course of infection. Wistar rats were used in the experiments. The animals were administered hydrocortisone infections for 12 weeks to induce immunosuppression and activate naturally occurring asymptomatic infections with Pneumocystis carinii. Blood samples and specimes of lung tissues were collected, then they were examined for the presence of specific IgG and IgM antibodies, circulating antigen of Pneumocystsis carinii and circulating immune complexes using immunoenzymatic assays. The results of the above experiments indicated, that in an early stage of infection, the examinations of serum samples for circulating immune complexes were helpful, particularly for these with IgM antibodies.
Bovine chlamydophilosis monitoring programs have not been run in Poland during the last decade, therefore the epidemiological status of the disease remains unrecognised. Recently observed animal movements, including international trade and import of livestock into Polish territory, support the necessity of serological surveillance of chlamydophilosis in representative subsets of the Polish bovine population. The aim of the study was the evaluation of Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydophila abortus seroprevalence in a subset of the bovine population and the comparative evaluation of serological techniques used in chlamydophilosis diagnostics (CFT, ELISA).
Fire blight caused by Erwinia amylovora is the most destructive disease affecting apple (Malus x domestica Borkh.), pcar (Pyrus communis L.) and number of other plant species mainly of the Rosaceae family. However, the symptoms of various diseases, either of biotic or abiotic origin, might be mistaken for those of fire blight. Therefore, in almost all cases its diagnostics should be based on etiological studies. For this purpose the classical procedure consisting in isolation of bacteria on selective or semi selective media and determination of pathogenicity of bacteria with morphology similar to E. amylovora is most often applicd. Lately, the serological methods, ecspecially ELISA and immunofluorescence, have been introduced to routine use in laboratories of Polish Plant Protection Service (PPS). However, the highest sensitivity and specificity offer the methods based on analysis of genetic material of the bacteria: hybridization of nucleic acids and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). When required, two PPS laboratories use a PCR-based method. The paper reviews research on application of molecular methods for detection of E. amylovora in plant material, its identification and determination of genetic diversity among the strains originating from various plant species and various geographic regions.
The beginning of bee virology dates back to 1963, when the chronic bee paralysis virus (CBPV) was discovered. To date about 15 viruses of honey bee Apis mellifera have been identified. Those viruses persist in bee populations usually as unapparent infections, but under some conditions, e.g. severe Varroa infestation, they can cause adult bee and brood mortality. Some of the viruses can occur on their own, others together with another pathogen. Almost all bee viruses contain positive stranded RNA, only filamentous virus has DNA. On the basis of recent studies some of these viruses were classified in the newly created family Dicistroviridae, which includes the single genus Cripavirus, and in the floating genus Iflavirus unassigned to any family. However, most bee viruses are not classified yet. Agar gell immunodiffusion test (AGID) is a very convenient method for the diagnosis of bee virus infections. This technique is easy to use but has low sensitivity and requires the production of specific antisera. In research into bee viruses other techniques are also employed, e.g. ELISA, western blotting, and RT-PCR.
Immunocapture assays ISAGA PLUS IgA/IgM (bioMerieux) and IgE ISAGA were used to determine their usefulness in the diagnosis of acquired and congenital toxoplasmosis. Specific IgM, IgA and IgE antibodies were tested in 134 patients, namely pregnant women who seroconverted during gestation (n= 20), children with congenital toxoplasmosis (n= 5), patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenitis (n= 56) and immunocompetent individuals with chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection (n= 53). Altogether 172 sera were examined. Specific IgM antibodies were detected in all sera from pregnant women (100%) with recent T. gondii infection (1- 8 weeks after seroconversion), in all patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenopathy (1-3 months after onset of symptoms) and in their control examinations after 2 and 5 months (100%) and also in 35 (66%) out of 53 patients with chronic infection. In infants with congenital toxoplasmosis IgM were found only in one new-born; equivocal results were obtained in 3 children during the asymptomatic serological reactivation in the second year of life. Specific IgA antibodies were present in sera from 15 (75%) out of 20 women seroconverted during pregnancy; in 3 cases the results were equivocal. IgA antibodies were detected in sera from 30 (81.1%) out of 37 patients with toxoplasmic lymphadenitis examined once; in 19 patients examined 3 times IgA antibodies were present in all the cases in the first serological examination performed when clinical symptoms were first observed (100%), in 17 patients after 2 months (89.5%) and in 11 patients after 5 months (57.9%). IgA antibodies were also detected in 21 sera (39.6%) from patients with chronic T. gondii infection. In children with congenital toxoplasmosis IgA antibodies were found in 3 cases during serological reactivation after discontinuation of pyrimethamine-sulfadiazine therapy; in these cases equivocal results of IgM antibodies were present, and positive result of IgE antibodies in one case. Specific IgE antibodies were detected in sera from 17 (85%) out of 20 women with seroconversion and in 18 patients with lymphadenopathy (32.1%); in the last group IgE antibodies were not present in the follow-up examination after 5 months. IgE antibodies were detected only in 5 cases (9.4%) with chronic infection. IgA and IgE antibodies in ISAGA begin to appear about a week later than IgM antibodies; in sera collected between the 2nd and 3rd week after invasion the positive results were obtained in all cases (100%). Therefore, ISAGA PLUS IgA/IgM (bioMerieux) is useful for the diagnosis of recent T. gondii infection especially in women with suspected seroconversion during pregnancy. ISAGA PLUS IgA/IgM is more sensitive than any conventional method routinely used and so far is a specially eflicient technique for newborns and infants suspected for congenital infection and/or in diagnosing congenital toxoplasmosis during immunological recrudescence. This test has a limited value in toxoplasmosis with lymphadenopathy by reason of possibility of a long persistence of IgM and IgA antibodies detected by ISAGA. Detection of specific IgE antibodies using ISAGA technique may be useful for differential diagnosis of acute and chronic phase of T. gondii infection and also in some cases of serological reactivation of congenital toxoplasmosis.
Yersinia ruckeri, a Gram-negative rod belonging to Enterobacteriaceae family, genus Yersinia, is a causative agent of yersiniosis of salmonids. The size of the active growth cells are 0.75 × 1.0 µm - 3 µm. The presence of flagella are connected with motile ability but non motile bacterium are isolated more frequently. The biochemical characteristics of Y. ruckeri strains are rather homogenous. Y. ruckeri rods in in vitro examination are characterized as quite sensitive to medicines. All of the Polish isolates were sensitive to oxytetracycline, flumeqine and enrofloxacin. Classical bacteriological methods are mainly used for the diagnostics of yersinisis. Tryptone soya agar or 5% blood agar are carried out for the isolation of the microorganism. Selective and facultative mediums such as Furones medium, ROD or Waltman-Shotts media are also used. Identification of the isolated strains is performed by the characteristics of their biochemical properties, after which an analysis of the obtained profiles is done. Commercial API 20E kits are used in the examination of biochemical characteristic of the isolates but it is necessary for the results of the identification to be always supplemented by complementary tests. The plate agglutination test and PCR are carried out as a confirmation of identification of Y. ruckeri rods. This last method, on account of its high sensitivity, is useful in the detection of asymptomatic carriers of bacterium Y. ruckeri.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
|
2010
|
tom 66
|
nr 11
s.728-731,bibliogr.
The paper presents the most recent data and opinions concerning Brucella (B.) suis and porcine brucellosis. Included are up-to-date results concerning the classification of the genus Brucella into 9 species, among them B. suis. Five biovars of this species are mentioned. Biovars 1, 2 and 3 (particularly 1 and 3) are highly pathogenic for swine and for humans. The source of infection for swine are, besides swine, wild boar and hare. The global distribution of swine brucellosis is presented with particular reference to the European Union member countries. Since at present with the closed system swine production in the EU B. suis infection is not diagnosed, the main goal of veterinary services is the complex action against the introduction of B. suis into the national swine herds. The main risk factors are: importing of infected pigs from abroad and transmission of B. suis from the wild boar or the hare to the domestic swine. In order to exclude these possibilities, besides available directives and instructions, diagnostic laboratory investigations are of crucial importance. In the paper direct and indirect tests for the identification of B. suis infection are described and assessed with respect to their diagnostic value. Concerning direct diagnostic tests, besides traditional assays based on phenotypic properties of the microorganism, several genotypic methods and among them particularly the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) are characterized. Following this, indirect diagnostic methods, being serological tests used in the diagnosis of porcine brucellosis, are discussed. Their diagnostic value is evaluated, including the possibility of false positive and false negative reactions. The Brucellin allergic skin test, as a confirmatory test of the serological results, is presented. In conclusion it is stated that the present epizootic situation concerning porcine brucellosis in the EU member countries is satisfactory. In connection with this the importance of prophylactic activity of the veterinary services against transmission of B. suis infection to domestic pigs of this region is stressed.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.