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Cardio-pulmonar syndrome, reported in Poland since the mid-eighties, causes losses up to 40% in the young fox population. Virological examinations of internal organ homogenates of foxes in which cardio-pulmonar syndrome was clinically and gross-pathologically diagnosed have been done at the National Veterinary Institute in Puławy. The studies do not confirm the role of the viral agent in the etiology of cardio-pulmonar syndrome in foxes.
Anatomic and histopatological examinations were carried out on 24 foxes 2 do 4-month old that died with symptoms typical of the chronic cor pulmonale syndrome. Some posthumuos changes were determined in the chronic cor pulmonale syndrome characteristic of circulation insufficiency, myocardial hypertrophy, ventricle dilator. Massive adipose degeneration of the liver and parenchymatous of the kidney, including necrosis were determined. No changes in the lymphatic system were reported, that could imply a possibility of a bacterial or viral infection.
The examinations of the content of lead and cadmium in the liver and kidneys were carried out on 237 foxes which included 110 females and 127 males. The level of the tested metals varried greatly. The maximum content exceeded the minimal standart 89 times in the liver and as much as 123 times in kidneys, while the maximum content of cadmium exceeded the minimal standard by 43 times in the liver and 79 times in kidneys. It was noted that an average concentration of lead in males was greater than in females: 0.142 and 0.126 mg/kg in the liver, and 0.147 and 0.127 mg/kg in kidneys, respectively. The average concentration of cadmium in the liver was identical for both sexes, i.e. 0.036 mg/kg. However, the level of cadmium in the kidneys of males was higher (0.113 mg/kg) than in females (0.093 mg/kg). The highest concentration of the tested elements was found in foxes with reproductive disturbances.
The content of iron, copper and manganese was tested in 237 foxes, including 110 females and 127 males. The level of the elements varied greatly in the liver and in the kidneys according to the sex of the foxes. The average concentration of iron and copper was much higher in the liver of males than that in females and also higher in the kidneys of females compared with that in males. The average concentration of manganese in the kidneys of foxes did not vary considerably in either sex. On the other hand, it was notably higher in the liver of males than in females. The average level of iron, copper and manganese was significantly higher in the liver than in the kidneys of foxes independent of sex.
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