Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 36

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  hypercholesterolemia
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
The efects were studied of the quality and amount of dietary fat on the pattern of fatty acids in the lipids of the serum and certain tissues (adipose fat, perirenal fat, liver, heart, testes) of guined pigs during experimentally induced hypercholesterolemia. During 12 weeks the animals received experimental diets containg 10% or 20% of energy from animal fats (butter, lard 2:3), sunflower oil or low-erucic rapeseed oil. Two control groups were chosen, receiving diets for animals without cholesterol or with 0.1% cholesterol added. The addition of cholesterol to the diet raised the content of the essential unsaturated fatty acids and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the adipose fat and hepatic lipids, and decreased their content in myocardial lipids. In testicular lipids changes were noted in the synthesis of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids. The addition of vegetable fats to the diet increased the content of linoleic acid in these tissues with a simultaneous decrease of arachidonic acid synthesis. It may be supposed that there is an upper range of arachidonic acid synthesis in the lipids of the studied tissues independent of dietary EFA and PUFA value.
9
Content available remote

Bile acid transport in hypercholesterolemic resistant rabbits

84%
We examined bile acid transport and expression of the apical sodium-dependent bile acid transporter (ASBT) in ileal preparations to determine if alterations in bile acid excretion contributed to a hypercholesterolemia-resistant phenotype in rabbits (CRT/mlo). Taurocholate transport was not different between normal (NR) and CRT/mlo rabbits fed regular diet. However, feeding cholesterol-enriched diet reduced taurocholate transport significantly in CRT/mlo rabbits (0.53±0.06 pmol/µg protein) compared to regular diet (0.95±0.14 pmol/µg protein), but had no effect in NR rabbits. Cholesterol-enriched diet increased ASBT mRNA in CRT/mlo (2.6 ± 0.7 to 5.4 ± 0.1); no significant changes occurred in NR. Some CRT/mlo rabbits carry a polymorphism in ASBT at amino acid 333 (P333L). In transfected HEK293 cells, TC transport of P333L allele was significantly lower (0.08 ± 0.01 vs 0.13 ± 0.01 pmol/µg protein/15 sec, P< 0.05). This allele was not found in NR rabbits. The data suggest that the phenotype of the CRT/mlo rabbit is due to changes in bile acid transport as well as bile acid metabolism.
Autosomal dominant hypercholesterolemia (ADH) is caused by mutations in the genes coding for the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), apolipoprotein B-100 (APOB), or proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). In this study, a molecular analysis of LDLR and APOB was performed in a group of 378 unrelated ADH patients, to explore the mutation spectrum that causes hypercholesterolemia in Poland. All patients were clinically diagnosed with ADH according to a uniform protocol and internationally accepted WHO criteria. Mutational analysis included all exons, exon-intron boundaries and the promoter sequence of the LDLR, and a fragment of exon 26 of APOB. Additionally, the MLPA technique was applied to detect rearrangements within LDLR. In total, 100 sequence variations were identified in 234 (62%) patients. Within LDLR, 40 novel and 59 previously described sequence variations were detected. Of the 99 LDLR sequence variations, 71 may be pathogenic mutations. The most frequent LDLR alteration was a point mutation p.G592E detected in 38 (10%) patients, followed by duplication of exons 4-8 found in 16 individuals (4.2%). Twenty-five cases (6.6%) demonstrated the p.R3527Q mutation of APOB. Our findings imply that major rearrangements of the LDLR gene as well as 2 point mutations (p.G592E in LDLR and p.R3527Q in APOB) are frequent causes of ADH in Poland. However, the heterogeneity of LDLR mutations detected in the studied group confirms the requirement for complex molecular studies of Polish ADH patients.
Twenty-four growing male rats of Wistar strain, weighing initially 120±3.5 g were randomly divided into four groups of six animals each and fed four different diets for 14 days: I - control diet (AIN-93G with soybean oil as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g), II - high-cholesterol diet (AIN-93G with soybean oil as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g + 1 g/100 g cholesterol), III - high-cholesterol diet (AIN-93G with lard as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g + + 1 g/100 g cholesterol), and IV - high-cholesterol diet (AIN-93G with lard as a source of fat: 7 g/100 g lard + 1 g/100 g cholesterol + 0.5 g/100 g cholic acid). On the day 14, the rats were anaesthetized and killed by withdrawing blood from the heart to obtain serum samples. The most striking increases (PcO.Ol) in the serum total and LDL+VLDL cholesterol were induced by the diet containing lard and supplemented with cholesterol + cholic acid (Group IV). Conversely, feeding the above diet to rats produced minimum (P<0.01) concentrations of the serum HDL cholesterol. It is concluded that the present animal model may be useful for evaluating the role of dietary factors in the development or regression of hypercholesterolemia.
The influence of a balanced diet (21 g% protein, 34 g% fat, 45 g% carbohydrate) with an isocaloric addition of non-oxidised or oxidised rapeseed oil, with and without garlic, on the development of hypercholesterolaemia was examined in 18 adult male rabbits divided into 3 equal groups. The rabbits from group 1 were fed fresh rapeseed oil, group II - received oxidised rapeseed oil, and group III - was given oxidised rapeseed oil and garlic. The concentration of 7-ketocholesterol and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma and free fatty acids (FAME) in blood serum was determined. The experiment lasted 24 weeks. At the beginning, and every six weeks, the rabbits were weighed and blood was taken. After the experiment was completed, the aorta was dissected for histological examinations. It was found that oxidised rapeseed oil caused an increase in the concentration of 7-ketocholesterol and FAME at the end of the experiment. MDA concentration increased in the 6th week of the experiment but did not appreciably change at the end of it. The obtained results suggested that the diet caused the development of hypercholesterolaemic alterations in the aorta wall and increased temporarily the level of 7-ketocholesterol, FAME, and MDA. Diet rich in oxidised oil modified significantly homeostasis of lipids in plasma and blood serum. The administration of garlic in such a diet inhibited atherosclerotic changes in the aorta wall and this seemed to be related to the decreasing concentration of 7-ketocholesterol and MDA in plasma and FAME in blood serum.
13
Content available remote

Biliopancreatic diversion in Poland

67%
Biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) is a bariatric operation of proved efficacy especially in patients with metabolic comorbidities. The aim was to assess the results of BPD in relation to weight loss and coexisting lipid and glucose metabolism disturbances in the Polish population. Between October 2001 and December 2003 57 morbidly obese patients (24 male and 33 female) underwent BPD. Median age was 46 years (range: 17-58) and median body mass index (BMI) was 50.2 kg/m2 (range: 40.1-73 kg/m2). Type 2 diabetes mellitus was observed in 11 patients (19.3%), hypercholesterolaemia in 38 patients (66.7%) and hypertriglyceridaemia in 37 patients (64.9%). Median value of BMI decreased at three months to 40.0 kg/m2, at six months to 36.7 kg/m2, and after a year to 32.3 kg/m2. Diabetes was completely resolved in all patients. After six months, triglycerides and cholesterol levels were higher than normal only in one patient. Early specific complications that manifested as seroma and nosocomial pneumonia occurred in 5.3% and 3.5% patients, respectively. The following specific late complications were observed: ulceration of stomach stump (3.4%), anaemia (14.0%), hypoalbuminaemia (8.8%), deterioration of haemorrhoids (15.8). All of above complications were treated conservatively expect two haemorrhoidectomies. One patient died due to myocardial infarction eight months after BPD. Five cases of incisional hernias (8.8%) were found. BPD is an effective bariatric procedure also in the Polish population, resulting not only in weight loss but also in the improvement of lipid and glucose metabolism.
Częstość czynników ryzyka chorób narządu krążenia badano w grupie 2543 warszawskich dzieci w wieku 4—14 lat. Hipercholesterolemię 4.6 mmol/1 (180 mg/dl) lub więcej stwierdzono u 20.9% z nich, a hipercholesterolemię 5.2 mmol/1 (200 mg/dl) lub więcej wykryto u 7.5%. Podwyższone ciśnienie tętnicze było obecne u 4.9% a otyłość u 6.7% dzieci. Jeden lub więcej indywidualny lub rodzinny czynnik ryzyka wykryto u 30% dzieci. Nie stwierdzono związku między częstością podwyższonego poziomu całkowitego cholesterolu w surowicy i podwyższonego ciśnienia tętniczego u dzieci a poziomem wykształcenia rodziców. Częstość otyłości u dzieci malała z podwyższaniem się poziomu wykształcenia rodziców.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) has emerged as a novel target for controlling plasma levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and decreasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. At present it is clear that the major classes of commonly prescribed lipid-lowering medications increase serum PCSK9 levels and fail to protect a significant percentage of patients from cardiovascular events. Therefore development of new LDL-C lowering medications that either do not increase circulating PCSK9 levels or work through inhibition of PCSK9 expression and protease activity is a highly desirable approach to overcome hypercholesterolemia. Since there are several agents which are being evaluated in human preclinical and clinical trials, this review summarizes current therapeutic strategies targeting PCSK9, including specific antibodies, antisense oligonucleotides, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and other small-molecule inhibitors.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.