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Innovation for food safety

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Safe food production and establishing food security are tasks which all actors in the food chain are actively involved in and can only be met if the participants are willing to constantly adopt to ever more varied and stringent requirements. The study, using examples from Hungary, reveals that agricultural food companies can create and apply solutions through imitation, adaptive innovation and by responding, in realtime, to market situations, thus leading to resource efficiency and competitiveness. To attain the aforementioned, all the presented case study reports require the acquisition of information, an open-minded approach and sound managerial skills. Primarily, there is a need for cooperation among the food chain participants, especially from the side of small and medium farms.
Subject and purpose of work: Human capital is one of the key drivers of rural economic development. The purpose of this paper was to study the main assets of human capital in rural areas and to evaluate this human capital; to identify development trends and devise the recommendations for increasing the impact of human capital in Ukraine’s rural areas on individual incomes and economic growth. Materials and methods: The research focuses on evaluating the key assets of human capital in the rural areas of Ukraine – educations, health, qualifications, age and the integral evaluation of rural human capital. The data was gathered by random surveys of household living conditions conducted by the State Statistics Committee of Ukraine. Annual surveys cover 10,500 households. Results: Results demonstrate that there were positive dynamics under the education component, while the health component was constantly in decline. The quantitative scoring of assets allowed preparing an integrated evaluation of human capital in rural areas of Ukraine and observing the dynamics of change in years. This indicator had declined before 2008. A decrease in the level of rural human capital in Ukraine started with the activation of large-scale agri-business in the late 1990s. Since 2009, human capital in rural areas has been increasing. The dynamics of human capital development in the rural areas of postEuromaidan Ukraine demonstrate the specific nature of its capitalisation. Profit per human capital in rural areas depends not on its rate but on the human capital (holder) employment profile. Conclusions: Received evaluations could be used for separation of priority state policy actions for balanced development, quantitative renovation and accumulation of human capital in rural areas.
Subject and purpose of work: This paper presents the development of human capital on the labour market of the Wielkopolskie Voivodeship in 2004-2017. Materials and methods: The study uses methods of literature review and comparative analysis based on data provided by Statistics Poland. Results: The results of the analysis show that constant development of human capital is taking place in the Wielkopolskie Voivodeship, and its level measured by the number of students and graduates of universities, as well as the number of registered patents is comparable to the average in Poland. The high quality of human capital contributed to achieving above-average economic results and household incomes. Conclusions: Development of human capital and raising professional qualifications at post-graduate studies was particularly important in the period of negative impact on the Polish economy of the financial crises of 2007-2009 and 2010-2012. A combination of higher education and innovative abilities, as well as involvement in R&D contributed to the increased competitiveness of the voivodeship's economy.
The purpose of this paper is to identify processes and practices of talent management and their implementation in Slovak context. Based on the theoretical knowledge base and current research questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain primary data. The survey examines the array of talent management processes and practices in Slovak organizations. The paper presents partial results of the survey concerning the embeddedness and implementation of talent management, more precisely, declaration of talent management strategy and synchronization of talent management strategy with the overall company strategy. When analysing the data gathered there were used descriptive and inferential statistical methods, specific correlation analysis, ANOVA and Student's t-test.
Modern economy increasingly depends on effective knowledge management – i.e. acquiring, generating, distributing and applying of knowledge in modern societies and organizations. In such circumstances more and more visible becomes a crisis of real leadership, or even, quite often, lack of leadership. We often observe how formal leaders of different kind, so important until recently, are rapidly losing their position – they continue to be “rulers” but are no longer “leaders”. The main objective of the “leadership” becomes building relations among members of the organization rather than competing for power. Such reinterpretation of modern management paradigm becomes a necessary pillar of development of modern knowledge-based economy.
Subject and purpose of work: The paper focuses on identifying and assessing selected conditions and limitations of smart rural development in Poland. The concepts of smart development pointed out in the literature were used to analyse the results of field studies carried out in 2011 and 2016 in ten purposefully selected villages located in various regions of the country. Materials and methods: The conclusions were drawn on the basis of empirical material which took a form of quantitative data and qualitative information gathered from the interviews with village mayors (sołtys) and observations of the interviewers. For the purpose of the paper the statistical methods were used and the analysis of the content of responses was performed. Results and conclusions: The results of the surveys indicated a presence of both the potential of smart development in the surveyed villages and the barriers to it. The important determinants to activate local economic progress based on knowledge, education and new technologies were connected mainly with a convenient location and the environmental and cultural resources available. As for an insufficient level of valorisation of the aforementioned elements, it proved to be an obstacle to this process, which was largely due to the limited accumulation of human and social capital.
Authors define and explain the meaning of two concepts, namely human and social capital and their influence on the socio-economic progress in agriculture and rural areas. The presented studies and analyses point to the link between the growing role of these two factors and the general socio-economic progress. A major part of the paper is devoted to analysing the past and current state of human and social capital in Poland, focusing on their deficiencies and the need to improve their quality. In conclusion the authors note that the significant inflow of financial means after the the Polish accession to the EU as well as structural and administrative changes will not bring in full the possible benefits in the future unless there is an improvement in quality and an increase of creative participation of the human and social capital. The health aspect is also explored in the paper as a crucial element influencing human capital in the Polish rural areas.
Financial crisis which broke out in September 2008 wiped out several banks making the world realize that, in economy; real terms are most crucial. Success in the process of economy development or lack of it is determined by the condition of the enterprises. On one hand, low competitiveness of enterprises might be a threat to the macroeconomic stabilization of economy on the other hand[ the more effective macroeconomic policy is, the stronger is the pressure enterprises face caused by appreciation of the national currency which consequently rises the risk of economic growth disturbance. Enterprises are also of paramount importance in economy stabilizing process leading to suppressing inflation and price stabilization. The status of the macroeconomic sphere derives mainly from a dominant participation of enterprise sector in creation of Cross Domestic Product (GDP), which is indicated by both sectoral and institutional structure of its creation. Fight against the crises can be effective solely in the enterprise sphere, which can be gained only by spreading initiative attitude within the society.
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The EU membership requires introduction of significant changes in the agricultural sector. Such changes will not be possible without investments in human capital. The aim of the paper is to make an attempt at presenting the coincidence of three factors conducive to the development of lifelong learning process in rural areas: 1) EU and Polish legislation concerning the cross-compliance rule enforcement; 2) EU financial support for human capital development in the EU second programming period; 3) new banking product connected with financing adult education (Individual Learning Accounts, ILA).
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