Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Forest habitats use by wild boar in the Zielonka Game Investigation Centre

100%

Labudzki L., Gorecki G., Skubis J., Wlazelko M.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria

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2009

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tom 08

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nr 4

The research was aimed at establishing the degree to which wild boar used different parts of habitats in a large forest complex. In the Zielonka Game Investigation Centre, wild boar most actively rooted from October to March, in fresh mixed broadleaved forest and fresh broadleaved forest, in stands aged over 41 years.

2

The influence of residual tree patch isolation on habitat use by bats in central British Columbia

86%

Swystun M. B., Psyllakis J. M., Brigham R. M.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2001

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tom 03

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nr 2

One forest management practice associated with logging aimed at contributing to the maintenance of biodiversity is to leave residual tree patches within cut blocks. Using Anabat bat-detectors we monitored bat activity along residual tree patch edges and clear-cut edges associated with recent clear-cuts in north-central British Columbia. We tested two hypotheses, (1) relative bat activity would be higher on the clear-cut edge than the residual patch edge, (2) relative bat activity would decrease on the residual patch edge with increasing isolation from the clear-cut edge. We sampled six pairs of edges and found no significant difference in bat activity between patch and clear-cut edges. We found a significant but non-linear relationship between relative bat activity on the patch edge with increasing patch isolation. Bat activity on the residual patch edge was highest at intermediate levels of patch isolation and lower both at patch edges close to, and highly isolated from the clear-cut edge. We postulate that the reason for this relationship is that patches act as windbreaks collecting high densities of insects making them good foraging areas but this benefit is coupled with an increased risk of prédation associated with crossing large gaps. At low levels of patch isolation bats may perceive residual patches and adjacent clear-cut edges as a continuous foraging area and thus, bat activity is evenly distributed throughout both habitats. In summary, our data indicate that patches provide localized habitat for foraging bats, however, foraging areas are only one habitat component required by bats and it remains uncertain if patches also offer suitable roosting opportunities.

3

Post-breeding habitat selection of the Grey-backed Shrike [Lanius tephronotus] in Sichuan, China

86%

Tryjanowski P., Reino L. M.

Biological Letters

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2004

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tom 41

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nr 2

195-197

4

Evaluation of habitat use of a semi-captive population of Cuvier's gazelles Gazella cuvieri following release in Boukornine National Park, Tunisia

86%

Abaigar T., Cano M., Sakkouhi M.

Acta Theriologica

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2005

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tom 50

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nr 3

Thirteen Cuvier’s gazelles were relocated to a 6-ha acclimatization enclosure in Boukornine National Park (Boukornine NP) in Tunisia, where they are part of a reintroduction project. To determine the degree of adaptation and habitat use under the new conditions, the acclimatization enclosure was divided into 6 sections according to topography, plant cover and plant species in the area. Signs of gazelle activity were coded as feeding site, paths, passages, feces and resting places. Sampling was done in spring, summer and autumn from September 2000 to July 2001. Multivariate analysis using PATN analysis and Χ2 distribution tests were used to analyze the data. Multivariate analysis yielded 5 groups of biotopes according to the above variables. The Χ2 distribution test showed the significant effect of each variable on the presence of signs of gazelles. Cuvier’s gazelles prefer areas with low and west to north facing slopes and scant plant cover; animals are attracted to the proximity of the fence as the limit of their territory and even though the presence of humans does not represent a disturbance, gazelles select areas far (> 50 m) from the supplementary feeding and water supply for their activities.

5

The occurrence of wildcat in the Polish Carpathian Mountains

86%

Okarma H., Sniezko S., Olszanska A.

Acta Theriologica

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2002

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tom 47

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nr 4

The contemporary occurrence of wildcat Felis silvestris (Schreber, 1775) in the Polish part of the Carpathian Mountains was evaluated in 1998-2000 with personal inquiries in all forest inspectorates of Krosno and Kraków Regional Directorates of State Forests and five national parks (NP). Additional information on the presence of wildcat was collected by snow tracking in three winter seasons: 1998/1999 through 2000/2001. Wildcat presence was confirmed only for Bieszczady Mountains, Pogórze Przemyskie, and Beskid Niski Mountains (13 forest inspectorates and 2 national parks: Bieszczady NP and Magurski NP).

6

Home range and habitat use by Aquatic Warblers Acrocephalus paludicola on their wintering grounds in Northwestern Senegal

72%

Arbeiter S., Tegetmeyer C.

Acta Ornithologica

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2011

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tom 46

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nr 2

The Aquatic Warbler Acrocephalus paludicola was once a common breeding bird in mesotrophic fen mires all over Central and Western Europe. In the last century large parts of its habitat have been destroyed by wetland drainage and agricultural intensification. Besides protecting the remaining breeding habitats, it is of great importance to preserve suitable migration stopover habitats and wintering grounds to avert the extinction of the species. We determined home-range size and the use of vegetation associations of Aquatic Warblers on the wintering grounds in a flooded plain north of the Djoudj National Park in Senegal. Individual birds (11) were caught in mist nets and equipped with radio transmitters. Locations were assessed by radiotelemetry and a compositional analysis was conducted to determine which vegetation types were preferred within home ranges. Similar to their behaviour on the breeding grounds, the Aquatic Warblers showed no territorial behaviour in their winter quarters. They used home ranges that averaged 4 ha in size, which they shared with conspecifics and other warblers. The home ranges overlapped 54% on average, with a maximum of 90% in an area used by four individuals. The vegetation structure of the wintering habitat is similar to breeding grounds and stopover sites of the species. Preferential vegetation had 80% to 100% cover and consisted of 60 to 90 cm high stands of Oryza longistaminata, Scirpus maritimus or Eleocharis mutata. Most birds stayed more often near the edge of open water, probably for foraging. A constant inundation seems essential, because Aquatic Warblers never occurred in desiccated parts of the study site.

7

Habitat use of Hipparchia semele (Lepidoptera) in its artificial stronghold: necessity of the resource-based habitat view in restoration of disturbed sites

72%

Tropek R., Cizek O., Kadlec T., Klecka J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2017

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tom 65

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nr 3

Post-industrial sites, including fly ash deposits, are common landscape components in many Central European regions. Their effective restoration is thus crucial because such habitats have been recognised as critical secondary refuges for many endangered and declining species. Controversially, the overwhelming majority of restoration projects consider vegetation units as the restoration target and thus ignore various habitat resources of many endangered species. Our study details habitat-use of the grayling Hipparchia semele, a European endemic xerothermophilous specialist and one of the most rapidly declining butterflies in Central Europe, inhabiting a fly ash deposit in the Kadaň region, western Czech Republic. We estimated its population to 510 males and 346 females by the capture-mark-recapture method during its whole flight period. By detailed recording of all observed specimens' behaviour, we show that this species uses resources from distinct vegetation units, such as exposed and disturbed spots, ruderal regrowths, solitary trees and shrubs, rocks and artificial concrete structures. Because the studied population can act as a source for the whole region, the grayling's ecological needs should be considered in any restoration project. Oppositely, the originally planned restoration of dry grasslands based on plant species composition of vegetation would very probably threaten one of the last two metapopulations in the whole country. Using the grayling's case, we thus warn against the vegetation-based habitat approach in restoration ecology; the resource-based habitat approach should be prioritised, especially when considering needs of the most threatened and/or umbrella species.

8

Movement and habitat use of juvenile Atlantic sturgeon in the Wisloka River (southern Poland)

72%

Kapusta A., Morzuch J., Kolman R.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2011

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tom 19

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nr 2

9

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European beaver (Castor fiber L., 1758) population in the Augustowska Primeval Forest

72%

Aulak W.

Folia Forestalia Polonica. Series A . Forestry

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2007-2008

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tom 49-50

The study on the distribution and abundance of beaver families in the Augustowska Primeval Forest was conducted in the years 2000 -2003. It embraced all seven Forest Inspectorates administering the Forest. The study consisted in the penetration of banks along watercourses, lakes and drainage ditches. Lodges, bank dens, dams and the length of the banks colonized by beaver families were plotted on maps. Habitat types contained within the territories of individual beaver families were established on the basis of the maps obtained from Forest Inspectorates. The percentage of bank utilisation by beavers in various types of water bodies was determined. The number of beaver lodges and bank dens, as well as their number per family were established. Also, habitat preferences of beavers in individual water bodies were verified. The presented study has the form of a report which can be used for further monitoring of beaver populations in the Augustowska Primeval Forest.

10

Summer foraging habitats of bats in a Mediterranean region of the Iberian Peninsula

72%

Rainho A.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2007

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tom 09

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nr 1

Preservation of foraging habitats is a fundamental approach to bat conservation. Yet, knowledge on the primary foraging sites of Mediterranean bats remains scarce, particularly during the summer when the availability of prey can be limiting. This study was designed to determine in which habitats bats forage in Southern Portugal, during this potentially stressful period. During the summers of 1994 and 1995, bat foraging activity was monitored in representative habitat types using an ultra-sound detector. The number of feeding-buzzes and bat-passes were counted and species identified through the analysis of recorded echolocation calls. None of the recorded species restricted its foraging activity to a single habitat type, but water sites were preferred by most bats. Tadarida teniotis was an exception to this habitat use. Further analysis confirmed that riparian habitats when surrounded by autochthonous broad-leaved forests seem to provide optimal foraging areas for bats during summer. Opposite, water sites within habitats resulting from intensive agriculture or forestry, provide very poor foraging areas. The typical Mediterranean landscape of Iberia, dominated by oak-woodlands and with numerous, scattered and well vegetated water sites, seems to grant optimal foraging habitat for bats during summer. However, this landscape is itself at risk. Current production demands are causing substantial land-use changes and, despite some European programmes on the preservation of Mediterranean oak woodlands and their biodiversity, the furtherance of this landscape is at stake. The preservation of traditional management strategies of oak-woodlands and associated water sites should be strongly encouraged.

11

Habitat use by endangered Sichuan Partridges Arborophila rufipectus during the breeding season

72%

Liao W. B., Fuller R. A., Hu J. C., Li C.

Acta Ornithologica

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2008

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tom 43

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nr 2

179-184

A detailed understanding of habitat associations of threatened species is essential for the development of sound conservation and habitat management plans. The globally endangered Sichuan Partridge is endemic to montane southwestern China, where it inhabits subtropical broadleaf forest. Its use of various habitats within the forest is poorly known. Habitat use by Sichuan Partridges in Laojunshan Nature Reserve, Sichuan, was studied during the breeding season (April-October). Habitat characteristics at feeding places were compared with randomly selected sites. Auditory detection was used during transect surveys of calling males to locate birds and their feeding scrape sites. Partridges were recorded in primary and secondary broadleaf forest, but not in coniferous plantations or farmland and settlements. Birds occurred between 1400 and 1800 m a. s. 1., typically on the ground with a gentle slope of between five and 15 degrees, close to paths and water sources. The habitats used by Sichuan Partridges differed from the random sites in that they had a denser shrub layer, greater tree cover, thicker deciduous leaf depth and lower abundance of bamboo. Principal Components Analysis identified factors interpretable as concealment, topography and leaf litter depth as key axes of variation in Sichuan Partridge habitats. We suggest that habitat management plans incorporating this new information can now focus more effectively on identifying, protecting and restoring those sites within protected areas that are most suitable for the Sichuan Partridge.

12

Modelling habitat use by Iberian hare Lepus granatensis and European wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus in a mountainous area in northwestern Spain

72%

Tapia L., Dominguez J., Rodriguez L.

Acta Theriologica

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2010

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tom 55

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nr 1

73-79

We developed broad-scale habitat use models for the distribution of the Iberian hare Lepus granatensis Rosenhaeur, 1856 and the relative abundance of the European wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus (Linnaeus, 1758) in a mountainous area in north-western Spain, the Baixa Limia Site of Community Importance (SCI). For the Iberian hare, the most parsimonious model included average altitude, average slope, scrub-pasture area and length of border between scrublands and forests. Four variables were consequential, 2 of them with a positive sign for the presence of the hare (average altitude and scrubland area) and 2 with a negative one (average slope and length of border between scrubland and forest). For the European wild rabbit the most parsimonious General Linear model obtained included average altitude and scrub-forest edge. Only 2 predictors were consequential, both with a negative sign on the relative abundance of wild rabbits: the average altitude and length of border between scrubland and forest. The models obtained indicated the need of management actions to favour open habitats with suitable vegetation structure, avoiding extensive reforestation. A revision of the current hunting plans in the protected area of Baixa Limia is required.

13

Foraging range and habitat use by Aquatic Warblers Acrocephalus paludicola during a fall migration stopover

72%

Provost P., Kerbiriou C., Jiguet F.

Acta Ornithologica

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2010

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tom 45

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nr 2

14

Habitat utilization by sympatric European mink Mustela lutreola and polecats Mustela putorius in South-Western France

72%

Fournier P., Maizeret C., Jimenez D., Chusseau J.-P., Aulagnier S., Spitz F.

Acta Theriologica

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2007

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tom 52

|

nr 1

The European minkMustela lutreola Linnaeus, 1761 and the European polecatMustela putorius Linnaeus, 1758 are related species sympatric in southwestern France. The European mink is rapidly disappearing whereas the polecat maintains good populations. Seasonal habitat use of both species was compared in the Landes de Gascogne region to identify if some vulnerability factors of the European mink were associated with habitats occupied by this mustelid. Potential habitats were mapped using a satellite picture and 12 main types of habitats were defined. Animal locations were recorded by radiotracking 9 European mink and 14 polecats from March 1996 to August 1999. Resting animals were located by triangulation, and, when possible, resting places were described. Animals in activity were tracked by continuous monitoring. Data collected revealed a strong preference of European mink for flooded habitats, particularly open marshes, flooded woodlands and moorlands. They seldom left the corridor of the riparian forest and their resting places were mainly in flooded environments, above ground (under herbs or bushes) or in cavities between tree roots. European polecats were less tightly linked to wetlands. Most of their locations were in the pine forests outside the valleys and their resting places were mainly in burrows. The strong specialisation of European mink in aquatic habitats is probably one of the main reasons for its decline because wetlands suffer drastic damages throughout all of its range. Maintaining adequate water levels is crucial for satisfying habitat requirements of mink.

15

Composition, group size, and spatial distribution of European bison bulls in Bialowieza Forest

72%

Krasinska M., Krasinski Z. A.

Acta Theriologica

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1995

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tom 40

|

nr 1

European bison Bison bonasus (Linnaeus, 1758) bulls were observed in the Białowieża Primeval Forest between 1976 and 1990. During snow-free periods mean (± SD) group size was 1.63 ± 1.05. Mean group size in pre-rut was 1.83 ± 1.19 and was significantly (p < 0.001) larger than mean bull group size in rut 1.27 ± 0.63. Most often bulls were solitary (62.0%), small groups of up to 3 bulls were accounted in 32.2% of observations, and groups of 4-9 individuals in 5.8% of observations. In pre-rut period bulls active in reproduction (6-11 years old) secluded themselves from mixed groups; they lived solitary or in bull groups. Mean summer home range size of bulls over 4 yrs old was 2288.0 ± 696 ha. Mean monthly home range in pre-rut period was 963.3 ± 406.4 ha, i.e. significantly (p < 0.001) smaller than in rut (1662.0 ± 510.6 ha). In the snow-free season bulls mostly used fresh and moist deciduous forests (48.8% of encounters), and secondly mixed coniferous and mixed deciduous forests (28.9 and 19.1%). Bulls used tree stands more than 20 yrs old (54.3% of observations), but also open areas, i.e. young plantations up to 10 yrs of age, clearcuts and meadows (allto- gether 37.3% of observations). In winter, on an average 35% of adult bulls entered large mixed aggregations gathering near two supplementary feeding sites. The remaining bulls took advantage of other feeding racks or enter farmland. Mean winter home range size of bulls was 426.1 ± 307 ha, and is significantly positively correlated to the animal age.

16

Habitat use of the Barn Owl Tyto alba and the Little Owl Athene noctua in Central-Eastern Poland

72%

Kasprzykowski Z., Golawski A.

Biological Letters

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2006

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tom 43

|

nr 1

17

Changes in habitat use by the Common Buzzard [Buteo buteo L.] during non-breeding season in relation to winter conditions

72%

Wikar D., Ciach M., Bylicka M., Bylicka M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2008

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tom 56

|

nr 1

Common Buzzards (Buteo buteo L.) found in central Europe are partial migrants and the number of birds which winter on the breeding ground depends on atmospheric conditions. The advantages of wintering on breeding grounds are counterbalanced by the risk of unfavorable atmospheric conditions and influence the birds’ migration decision. During the periods from October to March (2002/2003–2004/2005), changes in habitat use by the Common Buzzard were studied in the open terrain of the mountain valley (Kotlina Orawsko-Nowotarska, Carpathians, southern Poland). The results were analyzed according to four meteorological periods (autumn, early winter, winter, early spring). Snow cover caused significant differences in types of habitats used by foraging Common Buzzards. During permanent snow cover the extent to which open areas was used decreased from 65% in periods without snow cover to 52% in other periods. At the same time the number of birds foraging in afforestations increased from 28% during periods without snow cover to 42% during periods with snow cover. The extent to which vegetation types was used also changed significantly. During the winter abandoned lands, which probably offer a richer food base, were used more often (56 vs. 23–33% in periods without snow cover). During permanent snow cover birds used higher perches, which presumably enabled them to observe a larger area and made hunting more efficient and compensated for limited access to prey.

18

Habitat use by phyllostomid bat assemblages in secondary forests of the 'Sierra del Rosario' Biosphere Reserve, Cuba

58%

Mancina C. A., Garcia-Rivera L., Capote R. T.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2007

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tom 09

|

nr 1

Using mist-nets, we studied the composition of bat assemblages in four distinct secondary habitats of the Sierra del Rosario Biosphere Reserve, Cuba. For each individual captured we recorded reproductive condition, seeds in feces, and pollen species. Of the 550 bats captured during 41 nights of sampling, 97% belonged to six species of Phyllostomidae, and 88.7% belonged to just three: Artibeus jamaicensis, Phyllonycteris poeyi and Monophyllus redmani. The total number of captures varied among the four sites, being higher in the two more disturbed sites although this may have been an artifact of the use of ground-level mist-nets in vegetation of different structure. However the higher capture frequencies found in these sites could be related to the availability of understory fruits and the less dense understory vegetation too, allowing some species to exploit resources farther from forest edges. On three sites, the captures included a common large frugivore, two common nectarivores, and two uncommon species. The species composition of these assemblages resembled that observed in previous studies in the better-conserved core zone of the Biosphere Reserve. This implies that food availability and vegetation structure might be more important influences than the conservation level of vegetation on the composition and structure of assemblages of Cuban phyllostomids. In spite of the reduced diversity of the assemblage we studied compared with mainland assemblages, the relative abundances of Cuban bats tend to be higher than some continental ones. This could be related to lower bat diversity and a higher degree of gregariousness of the Cuban phyllostomids.

19

Cavity roost site availability and habitat use by bats in different aged riparian cottonwood stands

58%

Swystun M. B., Lane J. E., Brigham R. M.

Acta Chiropterologica

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2007

|

tom 09

|

nr 1

Riparian forests provide important roosting habitat, abundant prey and access to drinking water for many bat species but to date there has been little research on the differential quality of habitats within riparian areas. We quantified the density of potential roost cavities in three age classes (i.e., young: ca. 20 years, mature: ca. 60 years, and old: ca. 100 years) of riparian cottonwood (Populus deltoides) forest stands. Bat activity was also sampled using acoustic detectors in one representative stand of each age class. Stands were situated along an 80 km stretch of the Missouri River in southeastern South Dakota and northwestern Iowa, USA. We predicted the highest density of potential roosts and the highest activity of bats to occur in the oldest age class. Contrary to our predictions, and previous work in aspen dominated upland sites, we found that the density of potential roosts was not significantly different between mature and old stands. However, there were no potential roosts in young stands. Data from guano traps verified the use of a number of cavities in both mature and old stands. Both commuting and foraging activities were highest in the mature, relative to the old and young stand. In total, our data indicate that mature and old stands represent high quality roosting habitat, with the mature being used preferentially for commuting and foraging. Trees in the oldest stands, however, are nearing the end of their lifespan and falling. Younger cohorts must therefore be retained for future recruitment of natural cavities.

20

The importance of winter catch crops compared with other farmland habitats to birds wintering in Poland

58%

Golawski A., Kasprzykowski Z., Jobda M., Duer I.

Polish Journal of Ecology

|

2013

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tom 61

|

nr 2

The study examined the importance of winter catch crops (intercrops) to wintering birds in a low-intensity farming area of Poland. Birds were counted on two occasions between November 2009 and January 2010 in 514 research plots in two different parts of the country. During the two counts 28 species were recorded. Yellowhammer Emberiza citrinella, Corn Bunting Emberiza calandra, Tree Sparrow Passer montanus and Shorelark Eremophila alpestris were the most numerous species. The statistical analysis (GLZ) of the influence of survey, location and habitat types on the occurrence of birds in the farmland did not reflect the significant effect on any variables. Significant differences in densities of birds between the habitats analysed (GLM) were noted. The stubbles supported a relatively greater density of birds than the mustard winter catch crop and ploughed fields. Increasing the area of winter catch crops at the expense of ploughed fields may favour birds, but when winter crops are sown in fields that would otherwise be left as stubble, wintering conditions for birds deteriorate, especially for buntings.

Ograniczanie wyników

Forest habitats use by wild boar in the Zielonka Game Investigation Centre

The influence of residual tree patch isolation on habitat use by bats in central British Columbia

Post-breeding habitat selection of the Grey-backed Shrike [Lanius tephronotus] in Sichuan, China

Evaluation of habitat use of a semi-captive population of Cuvier's gazelles Gazella cuvieri following release in Boukornine National Park, Tunisia

The occurrence of wildcat in the Polish Carpathian Mountains

Home range and habitat use by Aquatic Warblers Acrocephalus paludicola on their wintering grounds in Northwestern Senegal

Habitat use of Hipparchia semele (Lepidoptera) in its artificial stronghold: necessity of the resource-based habitat view in restoration of disturbed sites

Movement and habitat use of juvenile Atlantic sturgeon in the Wisloka River (southern Poland)

European beaver (Castor fiber L., 1758) population in the Augustowska Primeval Forest

Summer foraging habitats of bats in a Mediterranean region of the Iberian Peninsula

Habitat use by endangered Sichuan Partridges Arborophila rufipectus during the breeding season

Modelling habitat use by Iberian hare Lepus granatensis and European wild rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus in a mountainous area in northwestern Spain

Foraging range and habitat use by Aquatic Warblers Acrocephalus paludicola during a fall migration stopover

Habitat utilization by sympatric European mink Mustela lutreola and polecats Mustela putorius in South-Western France

Composition, group size, and spatial distribution of European bison bulls in Bialowieza Forest

Habitat use of the Barn Owl Tyto alba and the Little Owl Athene noctua in Central-Eastern Poland

Changes in habitat use by the Common Buzzard [Buteo buteo L.] during non-breeding season in relation to winter conditions

Habitat use by phyllostomid bat assemblages in secondary forests of the 'Sierra del Rosario' Biosphere Reserve, Cuba

Cavity roost site availability and habitat use by bats in different aged riparian cottonwood stands

The importance of winter catch crops compared with other farmland habitats to birds wintering in Poland