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The results of faunistic studies on Orthoptera fauna of the Tatra Mountains and the Podhale region in Poland are presented. The material of Orthoptera collected in 2008 and 2009 contained 24 species. The review of the material from the earlier collections stored in MIZ PAS in Warsaw and ISEA PAS in Cracow as well as the field notes made in the 1950's and 1960's by Polish entomologist Władysław Bazy luk, showed that 32 Orthoptera species were noted in total from the study regions. Comparison of data collected at different times spanning more than a century shows the dynamics of change in the Polish part of theTatra National Park fauna.
During the last decade microsatellites or SSRs (simple sequence repeats) have been proven to be the markers of choice in plant genetics research and for breeding purposes because of their hypervariability and ease of detection. However, development of these markers is expensive, labour intensive and time consuming, in particular, if they are being developed from genomie libraries. In the context of large-scale sequencing and genomics programmes in various cereal species at different laboratories, a large set of expressed sequence tags (ESTs) is being generated, which can be used to search for microsatellites. Keeping in view the importance of such type of SSRs, available ESTs of some cereal species like barley, maize, oats, rice, rye and wheat were investigated for a study of abundance, frequency and distribution of various types of microsatellites. SSRs were present in about 7% to 10% of the total ESTs in the investigated cereal genomes. On the basis of surveying EST sequences amounting to 75.2 Mb in barley, 54.7 Mb in maize, 43.9 Mb in rice, 3.7 Mb in rye, 41.6 Mb in sorghum and 37.5 Mb in wheat, the frequency of SSRs was 1/7.5 kb in barley, 1/7.5 kb in maize, 1/6.2 kb in wheat, 1/5.5 kb in rye and sorghum and 1/3.9 kb in rice. The overall average SSR frequency for these species is 1/6.0 kb. Trimeric repeats are the most abundant (54% to 78%) class of microsatellites followed by dimeric repeats (17% to 40%). Among the trimeric repeats the motifs CCG are the most common in all the cases ranging from 32% in wheat to 49% in sorghum. When all these SSRs were analysed for assessing their potential to develop new markers, unique primer pairs could be designed for 30% to 70% of the total non-redundant microsatellites which are up to 3% of total ESTs in the studied species.
The purpose of our study was to analyze hospitalizations for inflammatory bowel disease noted in the Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin. Cases of patients hospitalized in the Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lublin in 1997-2007 were retrospectively analyzed. The material studied included patients’ case histories and medical records that were used to select such patients whose hospitalizations were caused by ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Analysis distinguished two groups: rural and urban inhabitants. In 1997-2007 there were 1,825 hospitalizations for the inflammatory bowel disease noted at our clinic, which was 12.15% of all hospitalizations: 8.54% patients with ulcerative colitis and 3.61% with Crohn’s disease. Among them, 30.47% were rural inhabitants while 69.53% of patients lived in towns. The observation data demonstrated that there has been a significant increase of patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the last decade, and the patients originating in urban areas were more frequent than those from rural regions. This may be related to environmental differences between these two population groups.
Gorąca A., Traczyk W. Z.: The lack of influence of some neuropeptides present in the posterior pituitary lobe on the frequncy of spontaneous contraction of the sisolated heart auricle. Acta Physiol. Pol. 1940, 4 (6): Investigations have shown the presence of a cardiodepressant factor in the fluid incubating the posterior pituitary lobe “in situ”, which decreased contraction frequency of the isolated heart auricle (Acta Physiol. Pol., 1984, 35: 460-468). The influence on the spontaneuos contraction frequency of the isolated heart auricle of the following synthetic neuropeptides was determined: substance P, leu-enkephalin, met-enke- phalin, angiotensin II, arg-vasopressin, oxytocin, delta sleep-inducing peptide and atrial natriuretic factor. It was found that the investigated neuropeptides had no effect on the contraction frequency of the isolated auricle of the heart right atrium of two-day-old rat in a concentration from 2.1 × 10⁻⁷ to 1 × 10⁻³ mol/1 in the bathing medium and it was concluded that their biological properties differ from the cardiodepressant factor.
В период 1956-1975 г. по отдельным месяцам периода вегетации на территории бывших 17 воеводств были проанализированы данные за 20 лет относительно частоты выступания засухи. Анализ показал, что чаще всего засуха выступает в центральной и северо-западной части Польши, ограниченных с юга Южно-Велькопольской низменностью, с востока - долиной Вислы и западной частью Мазовецкой низменности. Для яровых хлебных культур, наиболее подвергнутых опасности недостатка осадков, частота выступания засухи на протяжении мая и июня на вышеназванной территории составляет 40%, при средней частоте для всей Польши - 27%.
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