Wyniki wyszukiwania

1

Food composition and selectivity of juvenile perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) against food resources in the mouth of the Odra River

100%

Wolska M., Mazurkiewicz-Zapalowicz K., Formicki K.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries

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2016

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tom 19

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nr 1

2

Otter diet in relation to fish availability in a fish pond in Hungary

100%

Lanszki J., Kormendi S.

Acta Theriologica

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1996

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tom 41

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nr 2

The food composition of otters Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) was investigated in an artificially established fish pond of 12 ha in south-western Hungary between December 1991 and November 1994. In the fish pond fish farming was carried out with the introduction of different species during the first two years of the investigations, while the filling up of the pond with water and its planting did not come about in the third year. The diet of otters was examined by spraint analysis (873 samples). The most important prey of otters was fish amounting 40 to 100%; the variation was due to season, method of farming and density and composition of the fish stock available. There was a close relationship between the frequency of occurrence of different fish species in the otter diet and the amount of fish available to the otters. The correlation coefficients (rp) were 0.56 (p < 0.05), 0.87 (p < 0.0001) and 0.93 (p < 0.0001) in the three years. Fish species that are predominant in the fish pond were the most frequent in the otter diet. Most of the fish eaten were below 50 g, ie 55, 88 and 90% respectively in the three years. Prey fish weighing more than 1000 g were found in scats only in the second year, and in a low proportion (1%). Economically important fish species constituted 33, 9 and 3% of the otter diet in the three years. The economic consequences of otter predation on fish are discussed.

3

Feeding of Baltic herring and sprat in the period 1986-1996 in relation to their state and biomass

100%

Szypula J., Grygiel W., Wyszynski M.

Bulletin of the Sea Fisheries Institute

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1997

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nr 3

4

Food of Baltic herring and sprat in the years 1995-1996 in light of the availability of components

100%

Szypula J., Ostrowski J., Margonski P., Krajewska-Soltys A.

Bulletin of the Sea Fisheries Institute

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1997

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nr 2

5

Food preferences of juvenile stages of Pseudorasbora parva [Schlegel, 1842] in the Kis-Balaton Reservoir

100%

Hliwa P., Martyniak A., Kucharczyk D., Sebestyen A.

Archives of Polish Fisheries

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2002

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tom 10

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nr 1

The food of Pseudorasbora parva juveniles from the Kis-Balaton Reservoir in Hungary was analyzed. Nine food components, among which filtrating Cladocera dominated, were confirmed in the diet of this fish. The highest values of the relative importance index were observed for Bosmina sp. at 53.7% (September 1991) and Daphnia sp. at 47.6 and 55.5% in July and September 1992, respectively. Due to the presence of this new ichthyofauna representative in Polish waters, it is possible that the pool of fish species which pressure filtrating Cladocera will increase. Additionally, this species may become a food competitor for native fish both in open waters and cultivation reservoirs.

6

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Seasonal changes of food of vendace from the Maroz Lake against a background of the food resources

84%

Szymanska U.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Acta Biologica. Uniwersytet Szczeciński

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2011

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tom 18

Studies on diet of vendace from the Maróz Lake were carried out to determine sea- sonal changes in food composition in relation to changes of zooplankton food resources in the environment. Fish samples, were collected once a month from April to November in the years 1994–1996. A total of 409 alimentary tracts were analyzed. Simultane- ously, crustacean zooplankton samples were collected to assess food abundance. The occurrence of Cladocera and Copepoda in zooplankton samples from the Maróz Lake. Food composition in the gut of vendace did not correspond with zooplankton abun- dance in the water. Due to considerable oxygen de fi ciency in the Maróz Lake (recorded in water layer 4 m below the surface), especially in June, it may be presumed that sublit- toral or even littoral was the bottom zone accessible for vendace, what, in turn, seems to be indicated by the presence of detritus, algae and macrophytes debris in food of the considered fish species.

7

Effect of composition on physical properties of food powders

84%

Szulc K., Lenart A.

International Agrophysics

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2016

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tom 30

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nr 2

8

Effects of dietary fat on androgen secretion and metabolism

84%

Gromadzka-Ostrowska J.

Reproductive Biology

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2006

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tom 06

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nr Suppl.2

9

Brown bear winter feeding ecology in the area with supplementary feeding – Eastern Carpathians (Slovakia)

84%

Stofik J., Merganic J., Merganicova K., Bucko J., Saniga M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2016

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tom 64

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nr 2

We performed snow tracking of brown bear (Ursus arctos) in the area of the Eastern Carpathians affected by supplementary feeding during the winter periods from 2007 to 2013. On each snow track we recorded all food habits and collected all scats. From these data we calculated occurrence frequency of food habits on snow tracks, occurrence frequency, volumetric proportion and energy values of food items in scats. We revealed that: i) the most frequent food source on snow tracks was corn from supplementary feeding places for ungulates (FOST = 64%); ii) crops for ungulates was the most important food group found in scat samples of bears (EDEC = 61%, EDECST = 53%); iii) the analysis of the inter-seasonal (late autumn, winter and early spring) changes in winter bear diet based on scat analyses revealed decreasing importance of hard mast and fruit, and increasing importance of invertebrates, herbs and wood biomass and crops for ungulates from autumn to spring; iv) bears searched for food at lower elevations in comparison to the location of their beds which are situated at higher elevations. Winter bear activity and bear diet was affected by supplementary feeding for ungulates.

10

Food composition of red fox in the Tatra National Park

84%

Borkowski J.

Acta Theriologica

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1994

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tom 39

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nr 2

Food composition of the red fox Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) was analysed on the basis of 144 scats found in the Tatra National Park (1270-2100 m a.s.l.), Poland. The most important kind of food were small and medium mammals (54% and 43%, respectively). Pine voles were the staple food in the group of determined small mammals, within determined medium mammals the most important was the marmot. Refuse left by tourists occured in every sixth scat. Most intensively used by foxes were habitats situated at the altitude of 1401-1600 m a.s.l., probably due to favourable food and shelter conditions offered by this zone.

11

The composition of the autumn and winter diets in two Polish populations of fallow deer

84%

Borkowski J., Obidzinski A.

Acta Theriologica

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2003

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tom 48

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nr 4

The diets of fallow deer Dama dama (Linnaeus, 1758) were analysed on the basis of the rumen contents of 69 individuals harvested between October and January in two areas of Poland: Iława, where animals are fed artificially in winter and Pszczyna, where almost no winter feeding is applied. The composition of the diet was found to be similar in both areas, with graminoids - as the staple food - accounting for 43.1% in Iława and 45.9% in Pszczyna. Further similarities between the areas were noted in regard to the other main foods eaten, ie the foliage of broadleaved deciduous trees and Scots pine, as well as forbs. Together, these four categories of food accounted for 73.1% and 73.0% of the diet in Iława and Pszczyna, respectively. Browse and bark were eaten in very small amounts, an observation suggesting that the contribution made by fallow deer to overall cervid-induced damage at least in some Polish forests is relatively small. Sample size limitations confined analysis of monthly food composition to the data from Iława only. These revealed graminoids as the major food each month, though shares of the diet ranged between 56.4% in November and 30.3% in January. Maximum levels of consumption of broadleaved deciduous foliage (21.9%) and forbs (10.3%) were recorded in October, and afterwards decreased. In turn, the role of pine foliage share increased from October (7.8%) through January (14.5%). The maximum availability of artificial forage occurred in January and its share in the diet was then as high as 21.2%.

12

Food of sea trout [Salmo trutta m.trutta L.] caught in the Gulf of Gdansk in 1994-1995 [Baltic Sea]

84%

Haluch M., Skora K.

Bulletin of the Sea Fisheries Institute

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1997

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nr 3

13

The food and feeding of the round goby [Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1811] from the Puck Bay and the Gulf of Gdansk

84%

Wandzel T.

Bulletin of the Sea Fisheries Institute

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2003

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nr 1

14

Feeding of vendace in Lake Miedwie [NW Poland]

84%

Wieski K.

Electronic Journal of Polish Agricultural Universities. Series Fisheries

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2002

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tom 05

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nr 1

The Lake Miedwie vendace feeding was studied in summer 2000. The vendace food was found to contain 7 zooplankton species, Leptodora kindtii being a clear dominant in terms of weight, abundance, and frequency. The L. kindtii domination was maintained throughout the period of study. In late summer, stomachs of females contained less food than those of males did. The observations are discussed against a backdrop provided by results of an earlier zooplankton study.

15

The effect of supplementing diet with L-carnitine on its levels in plasma and urine in individuals subjected to heavy work loads

84%

Raczynska B., Malczewska J., Raczynski G.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2000

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tom 09/50

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nr 2

The aim of the study was (1) to determine changes in the total (TC), free (FC) and esterified (EC) L-carnitine (C) in plasma and urine of biathlonists ingesting various doses of C and (2) to find out whether the quantities of C ingested with the diet covered the metabolic needs for this compound. Male (n = 24) and female (n = 22) athletes, aged 17 years were divided in 4 groups given 0, 250, 500 and 750 mg-d"1 of C, respectively. The contents of energy, selected nutrients and of C were assessed by using the food composition tables. Relative C deficiency was determined from FC/TC and EC/FC ratios obtained from plasma measurements. The supplementation with C increased its concentration in plasma and excretion of FC and TC with urine, the levels of EC remaining relatively stable. Mean values of FC/TC and EC/FC ratios were within normal limits and did not depend on the degree of supplementation with C. However, relative C deficiency was observed in two men and five women and could have resulted from a too low C intake with diet or from an intensified catabolism of fatty acids. Supplementing athletes with small doses of C (250-500 mg·d-1) may thus be recommendable.

16

Occurrence and distribution of parasites in relation to food components of grey gurnard, Eutrigla gurnardus (L.) (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes), off the Shetland Islands

67%

Sobecka E., Wiecaszek B., Luczak E., Antoszek A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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tom 43

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nr 3

17

Towards the optimal foraging strategy: is seasonal shift in the diet of Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo ( L.) in a dam reservoir the effect of water temperature or size pattern in fish assemblages?

67%

Gwiazda R., Amirowicz A.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 4

According to optimal foraging theory the prey choice strongly affects the benefitcost ratios. Predators search prey giving the highest benefit and costs of all components of predation (i.e. prey search, encounter, pursuit, capture, and handling) may be considerably reduced if the prey is more available. The study on Cormorant diet and the species composition of prey fish assemblages in the Dobczyce Reservoir (area 985 ha, submontane, eutrophic reservoir in Southern Poland) in spring (May-June) and in autumn (OctNov) showed differences in the food composition and the prey size affected by seasonal changes in fish availability. The diet of Cormorant included eleven fish species and the dominant species in the food was roach in spring (72%) and roach and perch in autumn (49% in total). Roach and perch had the highest share in prey assemblages too (56% in spring, and 53% in autumn). Significant preference toward roach in spring was found. The share of roach and perch did not changed seasonally and could not explain the change in the composition of Cormorant diet. The range of the total length (LT) of fish in Cormorant diet was 3.5–35.2 cm. Diet consisted of distinctly smaller fish in autumn. Relative number of small fish was ca 3 times greater in this period compared to spring. Weighted mean of fish TL in prey assemblage was 20.0 cm for roach and 12.5 cm for perch in spring, and 11.8 and 8.1 in autumn, respectively. The proportion of average weight of roach (W = 0.004074 LT³‧³³⁴) to that of perch (W = 0.005779 LT³‧²⁶⁰) was greater in spring (4.1:1) than in autumn (2.9:1). Probably it can explain the diet shift in autumn. The switch to smaller but more abundant fish in autumn was not related to temperature but to fish availability which reduced the cost of searching and the prey may be easily found.

18

Skład pokarmu i aktywność żerowa jarząbka (Tetrastes bonasia L.)

67%

Bonczar Z., Wrobel R.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Zootechnica

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1991

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tom 29

19

Effects of Protocalliphora parasites on nestling food composition in Corsican Blue Tits Parus caeruleus: consequences for nestling performance

67%

Banbura J., Perret P., Blondel J., Thomas D. W., Cartan-Son M., Lambrechts M. M.

Acta Ornithologica

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2004

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tom 39

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nr 2

The influence of a parasite (larvae of Protocalliphora, Diptera: Calliphoridae) on an avian host (Blue Tit) was studied in 1994-1997 as part of a long-term research project on a population of Blue Tits inhabiting nest boxes on the island of Corsica. The Blue Tit broods were heavily infested with Protocalliphora larvae. The abundance of caterpillars as a key food type for the tits was monitored. A random sample of 16 nests was experimentally subjected to an anti-parasite heat treatment, which resulted in a marked decline in the numbers of Protocalliphora larvae. Untreated nests, with high numbers of parasites, were regarded as control nests. Under the anti-parasite treatment, Blue Tit nestlings were fed less frequently than the control nestlings (8 v. 11 food items per hour per nestling). Significant changes in the diet composition occurred, with parasite-free nestlings being consistently fed with fewer caterpillars. An average parasitised nestling was supplied by its parents with 2.6 caterpillars more than an average parasite-free chick. This suggests that in the highly parasitised control nests, the parent tits made an effort to compensate for the detrimental effects caused by Protocalliphora larvae. Feeding rate and food composition were shown to influence chick condition and survival in the nest. In spite of these facts, the nestlings in parasitised nests developed less rapidly and had lower survival rates than in the anti-parasitically heat-treated nests. The parasitic Protocalliphora larvae have a double effect on their avian host: they adversely affect nestling performance, and they compel adult tits to work harder in order to at least partially compensate for that influence.

20

Food and feeding habits of the red mullet, Mullus barbatus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Mullidae), off the northern Tunisian coast (central Mediterranean)

67%

Cherif M., Ben Amor M. M., Selmi S., Gharbi H., Missaoui H., Capape C.

Acta Ichthyologica et Piscatoria

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2011

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tom 41

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nr 2

Background. The red mullet, Mullus barbatus L., is abundantly captured and targeted throughout the year in Tunisian waters but not all aspects of its biology have been studied well. One of them—the feeding behaviour of this fish may be important for stock assessment, ecosystem modelling, and understanding mechanism and processes which structure and influence the fish assemblages. The aim of this paper is to describe the diet of specimens from the northern coast of Tunisia, to analyse seasonal variations in its composition and to delineate feeding intensity in relation to sex and size. Materials and methods. Red mullet were sampled from different landing sites along the northern Tunisian coast and the Gulf of Tunis. Random samples were taken from both commercial and demersal trawlers from January to December 2005. A total of 472 specimens were examined following the commonly accepted procedures. The following parameters were analysed: vacuity index, percentage frequency of occurrence, percentage numerical abundance, percentage gravimetric composition, and index of relative importance. The trophic level for any consumer species was calculated, for total sample, but also in related to size, sex, and season. Results. Mullus barbatus mainly fed on crustaceans and polychaetes. According to the classification of fishes in functional groups based on their TROPH red mullet is an omnivorous feeder, animal species being preferential preys. Basing on data assembled by Stergiou and Karpouzi for the Mediterranean ichthyofauna, the estimated trophic levels for the red mullet ranged between 2.79 and 3.57 units. Such within-species differences in trophic levels might reflect the combined effect of the following factors: area, year, length structure, and differential fishing pressure between years and/or areas, because fishing removes the largest individuals of a species, which generally have higher trophic levels. Conclusion. The red mullet is not only omnivorous, but also opportunistic feeder with trophic level related to body size, season, geographic area and fishing pressure.

Ograniczanie wyników

Food composition and selectivity of juvenile perch (Perca fluviatilis L.) against food resources in the mouth of the Odra River

Otter diet in relation to fish availability in a fish pond in Hungary

Feeding of Baltic herring and sprat in the period 1986-1996 in relation to their state and biomass

Food of Baltic herring and sprat in the years 1995-1996 in light of the availability of components

Food preferences of juvenile stages of Pseudorasbora parva [Schlegel, 1842] in the Kis-Balaton Reservoir

Seasonal changes of food of vendace from the Maroz Lake against a background of the food resources

Effect of composition on physical properties of food powders

Effects of dietary fat on androgen secretion and metabolism

Brown bear winter feeding ecology in the area with supplementary feeding – Eastern Carpathians (Slovakia)

Food composition of red fox in the Tatra National Park

The composition of the autumn and winter diets in two Polish populations of fallow deer

Food of sea trout [Salmo trutta m.trutta L.] caught in the Gulf of Gdansk in 1994-1995 [Baltic Sea]

The food and feeding of the round goby [Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1811] from the Puck Bay and the Gulf of Gdansk

Feeding of vendace in Lake Miedwie [NW Poland]

The effect of supplementing diet with L-carnitine on its levels in plasma and urine in individuals subjected to heavy work loads

Occurrence and distribution of parasites in relation to food components of grey gurnard, Eutrigla gurnardus (L.) (Teleostei: Scorpaeniformes), off the Shetland Islands

Towards the optimal foraging strategy: is seasonal shift in the diet of Cormorants Phalacrocorax carbo ( L.) in a dam reservoir the effect of water temperature or size pattern in fish assemblages?

Skład pokarmu i aktywność żerowa jarząbka (Tetrastes bonasia L.)

Effects of Protocalliphora parasites on nestling food composition in Corsican Blue Tits Parus caeruleus: consequences for nestling performance

Food and feeding habits of the red mullet, Mullus barbatus (Actinopterygii: Perciformes: Mullidae), off the northern Tunisian coast (central Mediterranean)