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A novel polypeptide, velvet antler polypeptide (VAPPs), having a stimulary effect on proliferation of some cell was isolated from the velvet antler of sika deer (Cervus nippon Temminck). This polypeptide consists of a single chain of 32 amino-acid residues VLSAT DKTNV LAAWG KVGGN APAFG AEALE RM. VAPPs showed marked stimulary effect on rat epidermal cells and NIH3T3 cell line (dose range from 10-40 mg·L-1 and 5-80 mg·L-1, respectively).
The study involved screening and SEM analysis of the micromorphological features of the abaxial leaf surface of ordinary epidermal cells, stomata and trichomes of two varieties of Quercus cerris L. The results indicated features distinguishing the two varieties: in var. austriaca the wax is present as crystalloids in the form of simple platelets, while in var. cerris the wax appears as a smooth layer. Moreover, the results point to some special characteristics of Q. cerris in relation to other Quercus species. The approximately square, not ellipsoid, shape of the peristomatal rims is typical of the species Q. cerris L.
A dosed mechanical pressure of 12.5 kg/cm2 applied for 1 min on depilated mouse skin did not cause cellular death or visible alterations of the cellular infrastructures. However, it had a strong effect on the mitotic cycle of the epidermal cells—stimulating the cells to enter the mitotic cycle and temporarily blocking the Gl -> S transition. This effect was strictly limited to the pressed area of the skin. The proto-oncogene c-fos was induced within the first 2 min following application of the pressure. The level of c-fos mRNA showed two peaks during the next 24 h. The first slight peak was preceded by a rapid increase in the cAMP level in the pressed skin, the second — by a fall in the cAMP concentration. A model is suggested to explain the observed effects by reversible functional damage of the cellular membrane affecting the enzymes maintaining the steady state level of cAMP.
This study examines the anatomical structure of the glandular apparatus in Satureja cuneifolia Ten., as well as the chemical composition of the essential oil derived from it. Leaves were collected from a population in Dalmatia (Croatia). Anatomically, the glandular scales feature a unicellular base, a unicellular stalk and a 12-celled head. Each glandular apparatus was observed to be surrounded by epidermal cells. Qualitative and quantitative GC-MS analysis of the essential oil showed that linalool, carvacrol and p-cymene were its main constituents.
This paper presents the results of comparative studies on seed morphology and anatomy of two species: Erica carnea and E. erigena. SEM and LM micrographs are presented. The seeds differ in size and shape of epidermal cells of the seed coat, but they represent the same structural type, which is clearly dissimilar from that of the other European species of this genus.
Ca²⁺ level-induced changes in the arrangement of cytoskeleton of cultured keratinocytes were estimated immunocytochemically, by evaluating expression of specific cytokeratins, desmoplakin and tubulin. Keratinocytes were isolated from fragments of skin of dead human foetuses. Culture of epidermal cells was performed in two phases: phase I yielded cells of high proliferation abilities in serumfree Keratinocyte SFM of low Ca²⁺ level (0.03 mM); in phase II differentiated cells were obtained in Dulbecco medium of a high Ca²⁺ concentration (1.2 mM). Immunocytochemical evaluation of phase I and II cells revealed an array of differences which involved mainly expression and distribution of specific cytokeratins, distribution of tubulin, testifying to a different microtubule arrangement and distribution of desmoplakin and indicating a tendency to form desmosomes. The changes were induced by the changes in Ca²⁺ level in the culture medium.
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