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In Poland the market in wood biomass for energy purposes is characterised by large cognitive gap concerning wood biomass supply, despite the growing importance of this subsection of the wood and energy markets. The article presents the results of research on the supply of wood biomass for energy purposes in Poland in 2010 and forecasted supply by 2015. The research process utilised model approach, relating to supply of wood biomass by the main sources of its production.
The utilization of local biomass should aim at increasing the regional competitiveness based on the endogenous regional potential. A justification was presented of the utilization of biomass from agriculture for energy purposes. This is to serve the fulfilment of the objectives by Poland in accordance with the National Indicative Target by the year 2020. Particular attention was drawn to the need of the production of thermal and electrical energy (CHP) in a distributed system in small local heat and power stations. Poland is a country with a high biomass potential. The study presents the current development status of the biogas sector and of the resources in use. The condition of the development of this sector is continuous efforts aimed at obtaining a high economic efficiency of the production of energy from biogas to permit in the future competition with conventional fuels.
The realized research was aimed at determining the water content, size and fractions of wood chippings obtained using different technologies. Average absolute water content of the tested wood chippings was between 43-90% and may serve as a basis for financial settlements between the suppliers and the power companies. The obtained fraction distribution results enable conclusion that regardless of the material type the largest fraction is the one with particles of 6-32 mm. The best quality of wood chippings are obtained from round wood and they meet the requirements of the PN-91/D-95009 norm for fuel wood chips. The chippings produced in woodland areas from forest cutting refuse do not meet the above-mentioned requirements and contain about 30% of contaminants and trees remaining in the forest cutting area after clearing with thin branches with needles. In order to achieve better composition, wood chip-pings from forest clearing waste should be mixed in appropriate proportion with wood chippings from cutting round wood.
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Rapeseed growing for energy purposes in Ukraine

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The article presents the results of research of a solution to the problem of reducing energy dependency and replacing traditional sources of fuel production to agricultural ones. Nowadays it is very important not only for Ukraine but for most countries of the world. That is why the rapeseed as a row material for biodiesel fuel is a practical alternative being renewable and very productive. The analysis of the current situation of rapeseed growing, its processing and possible trends for the future industry are shown. Factors that can contribute to creating the conditions necessary to support these trends are grounded. Calculation results of rapeseed growing efficiency for bio-energy purposes in agricultural enterprises are displayed. It is proved that the rapeseed growing has the highest efficiency in the variant of its processing for biodiesel.
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The article contains the results of research, in which the estimated consumption of wood biomass for energy purposes in Poland in 2010 and the anticipated demand for this energy carrier by 2015 was determined in a systemic manner.
The paper presents the results of studies concerning the availability and possibilities of the use of wood for energy purposes in Europe and in Poland. It describes in detail the current use of wood for energy production purposes, as well as predictions on volume, composition, and sources of energy wood. It also presents the results concerning potential impact of energy wood harvesting on wood industries. The paper concludes that the question of utilization of forest biomass for large-scale energy generation is very complex and has far-reaching consequences for environment, society and economy. So as to be effective, wood resources management should give a priority to wood-based production of the greatest added value, and energy generation should be a closing-down stage in the wood value chain.
The last world financial crisis has had a noticeable impact on the wood sector in Poland. As a result companies have to deal with difficulties that have arisen in foreign trade and on labour market. One solution is to introduce some new activities into company and create a new image which may lead to an increase in competitiveness. For wood sector companies such solution can be the use of wood biomass for energy purposes. Wood waste which is a side product of wood processing may be used for energy purposes in the company that creates it or may be sold as this company’s product to power stations.
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