Wyniki wyszukiwania

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Investigation of the systematic availability of the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin in Brassicaceae

100%

Kittler K., Maul R., Kopf A., Koch M., Nehls I.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2011

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tom 61

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nr Suppl.1

2

Harmful cyanotoxins: hepatotoxic effects of microcystin in mammalian animals

72%

Bownik A., Skowronski T.

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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2007

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tom 63

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nr 05

522-524

Cyanobacterial blooms, often observed in eutrophic water reservoirs, produce toxic metabolites known as cyanotoxins that affect animal health. There are five groups of cyanotoxins classified on the basis of their toxic action: hepatotoxins, neurotoxins, cytotoxins, dermatotoxins and irritant toxins. Microcystin (MC) is a very common and well described hepatotoxin produced by various genera, such as Microcystis, Anabaena, Planktothrix, Anabenopsis, Hapalosiphon and Nostoc. It acts as an inhibitor of serine/threonine protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) and 2A (PP2A), inducing hyperphosphorylation of cell proteins and a variety of toxic changes in hepatocytes often leading to liver insufficiency and death caused by hypovolemic shock. Since the reports on MC toxicity are on the increase this cyanotoxin should be treated as an important environmental factor affecting human and animal health. A brief overview of existing literature on the intake, mechanism of action, and hepatotoxic effects on mammalian animals is presented in this paper

3

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Stability of cyanotoxins, microcystin-LR, microcystin-RR and nodularin in seawater and BG-11 medium of different salinity

72%

Mazur H., Plinski M.

Oceanologia

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2001

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tom 43

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nr 3

329-339

Microcystins and nodularin are potent hepatotoxins produced by fresh and seawater cyanobacteria.T he persistence of three hepatotoxins – microcystin-LR, microcystin-RR and nodularin – was investigated in sterile BG-11 medium of different salinity and in water collected from the Gulf of Gdańsk.After 21 days of incubation at 17±1◦ C and constant illumination of about 40 μmol photon m−2 s−1 the concentration of toxins decreased by about 30–37%.N o significant changes in toxin concentration in the BG-11 media of different salinity were observed. When toxins were incubated in non-sterile seawater, their concentrations decreased markedly.It is likely that some strains of bacteria are responsible for the breakdown of the toxins.No dularin turned out to be more resistant to biodegradation than the two microcystins.The influence of certain components of cyanobacteria cells on the accelerated rate of toxin degradation was also considered.

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Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Polish freshwater bodies

72%

Kobos J., Blaszczyk A., Hohlfeld N., Torunska-Sitarz A., Krakowiak A., Hebel A., Sutryk K., Grabowska M., Toporowska M., Kokocinski M., Messyasz B., Rybak A., Napiorkowska-Krzebietke A., Nawrocka L., Pelechata A., Budzynska A., Zagajewski P., Mazur-Marzec H.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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tom 42

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nr 4

5

Water blooms and their toxicity in public swimming areas of lakes in the Poznan District

72%

Zagajewski P., Goldyn R., Fabis M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2007

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tom 36

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nr Suppl.1

6

Blooms of toxin-producing Cyanobacteria – a real threat in small dam reservoirs at the beginning of their operation

58%

Pawlik-Skowronska B., Toporowska M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2011

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tom 40

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nr 4

7

Anatoxin-a induces apoptosis of leukocytes and decreases the proliferative ability of lymphocytes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in vitro

58%

Bownik A., Rymuszka A., Sieroslawska A., Skowronski T.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2012

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tom 15

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nr 3

Cyanobacteria (Cyanophyta, Cyanoprocaryota, Cyanobacteria) (blue-green algae) are procaryotic phototrophic microorganisms playing an important ecological role in the freshwater and marine environment as primary producers. However, as a consequence of water eutrophication observed in many reservoirs in different parts of the world, these microorganisms form massive scums, known as water blooms, releasing cyanotoxins hazardous to fish and other aquatic organisms. Cyanotoxins are cyanobacterial secondary metabolites of various chemical structures harmful to humans, terrestial and aquatic animals such as fish. The most abundant cyanotoxins are microcystins and hepatotoxins inducing toxic changes in fish liver, kidney, gills, digestive tract and immune system. Very little is known on the effects of alkaloid neurotoxic anatoxin-a on fish and their immunity. The aim of this study was to assess the in vitro influence of anatoxin-a on immune cells isolated from the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). The leukocyte intracellular level of ATP was reduced only at the highest concentration of anatoxin-a. Apoptotic and necrotic leukocytes were observed at the lower and the highest concentrations of anatoxin-a, respectively. Elevated activity of caspases 3/7 after 2 hours and a concentration-dependent decrease in the proliferative ability of T and B lymphocytes was also observed. The results suggest that anatoxin-a could be a possible immunotoxic agent in the aquatic environment and may increase the susceptibility of fish to infectious and neoplastic diseases. Therefore, constant monitoring of anatoxin-a and its producers in lakes and fish ponds should be performed.

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Sedimentary imprint of cyanobacterial blooms - a new tool for insight into recent history of lakes

58%

Pawlik-Skowronska B., Kornijow R., Pirszel J.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2010

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tom 58

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nr 4

Recent history of numerous lakes is, among others, a consequence of anthropogenic activity that led to water eutrophication and excessive phytoplankton development. In nutrient-rich lakes both biomass of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, that may have a substantial impact on aquatic biocenoses, are present not only in water column but also in the bottom sediments. This study demonstrates vertical distribution of microcystins (MC) traces in sediments of two eutrophic lakes – one phytoplankton/macrophyte-dominated and the other phytoplankton-dominated. The sediments (1–40/50 cm depth) were sampled from central part of lakes and content of MC traces was determined by means of GC-MS in 1cm core slices. In the sediment profile (1–40 cm depth) of the phytoplankton/macrophyte-dominated lake the MC contents ranged from 0.011 in deep layer (35 cm) to 0.910 μg equival. MC-LR g⁻¹ d.w. in the surface layer (1 cm) and indicated gradual increase in eutrophication – connected with mass development of cyanobacteria over time. In phytoplanktondominated lake, MC contents (0.0–0.335 μg equival. MC-LR g⁻¹ d.w.) oscillated through the core (1– 50 cm depth) and were relatively similar in older, deeper (20–50 cm) and younger (1–20 cm) layers what suggests long-lasting but variable intensity of cyanobacteria mass development. The obtained results indicate that traces of microcystins persist and are detectable for several dozens years not only in surface but also in deep sediment layers of lakes affected by former cyanobacterial blooms. They seem to be a reliable tool to follow eutrophication and its consequence – excessive development of cyanobacteria in the past time.

Ograniczanie wyników

Investigation of the systematic availability of the cyanotoxin cylindrospermopsin in Brassicaceae

Harmful cyanotoxins: hepatotoxic effects of microcystin in mammalian animals

Stability of cyanotoxins, microcystin-LR, microcystin-RR and nodularin in seawater and BG-11 medium of different salinity

Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Polish freshwater bodies

Water blooms and their toxicity in public swimming areas of lakes in the Poznan District

Blooms of toxin-producing Cyanobacteria – a real threat in small dam reservoirs at the beginning of their operation

Anatoxin-a induces apoptosis of leukocytes and decreases the proliferative ability of lymphocytes of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in vitro

Sedimentary imprint of cyanobacterial blooms - a new tool for insight into recent history of lakes