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Phytophthora cinnamomi, P. citrophthora i P. cryptogea izolowano z około 3-80% zamierających roślin cyprysika Lawsona, lawendy, rojnika, skalnicy i ubiorka. W naturalnych warunkach uprawy pojemnikowej cyprysika i bylin fytoftoroza pojawiała się na roślinach już po 4 tygodniach uprawy, a w okresie 4-6 miesięcy uprawy straty spowodowane zamieraniem roślin wahały się od kilku do 71%. Źródłem Phytophthora spp. mogły być sadzonki oraz woda.
Quercus robur seedlings are very often infested by oak powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe alphitoides. This disease attacks primary leaves with high insolation. In our experiment seedling growth in different light conditions was observed. Seedlings were derived from intact seeds or from seeds where the distal ends of acorns were cut off. Acorns were sown in pots at four light conditions (2%, 8% and 30% light transmittance and in full sunlight). For half of the seedlings we reduced the influence of powdery mildew by using a fungicide. Height of seedlings, shoot dry mass and the degree of damage caused by Erysiphe alphitoides were measured. The highest damages were in full light conditions and the lowest in the 30% light treatment. The influence of acorn reduction on powdery mildew infection was not significant (p=0.0763), however, in the full light conditions the seedlings from cut acorns were ca. 30% less damaged. The cutting of acorns also alters the height of seedlings and shoot mass. The tallest seedlings were from cut seeds growing in the 30% light treatment. The influence of the fungicide was lowest in the 30% light treatment where the decrease in damage was only ca. 10%. For nursery practice we can say that oak seedling production from cut off acorns under 30% light transmittance should give the best results of seedling growth even without the fungicide application.
The impact of artificial mycorrhization with 6 vegetative inocula (produced by research procedures at the Forest Pathology Department at Agricultural University in Cracow) of ectomycorrhizal fungi: Hebeloma claviceps, H. leucosarx, H. longicaudum, H. sacchariolens, H. sinapizans and H. trunkatum on following parameters: the level of mycorrhization of Scots pine and pedunculate oak seedlings, the profile of frequency and types of ectomycorrhizae on these seedlings, the influence of intervention on the growth and development characteristics of shoot and root system was studied. The results of the mycorrhization described above were compared with the mycorrhization with Polish commercial vegetative inoculum of Hebeloma crustuliniforme carried out on the seedlings of the same tree species grown in containers. The assessment revealed that all fungi species representing Hebeloma genus were very good symbionts for pine. The index of mycorrhization of the root system in each case was high and achieved level between 0,86 for H. longicaudum to 1,0 for H. sacchariolens and H. claviceps. The growth and development of oak seedlings in container culture were improved in the highest degree by H. crustuliniforme, H. leucosarx, H. sinapizans and H. sacchariolens.
Pinus sylvestris seedlings grown in containers in a peat-vermiculite substrate were inoculated with vegetative inoculum of 11 strains Rhizopogon roseolus (Corda.) Th. M. Fries. Seeds were germinated in May 2006. Five months after germination the seedlings were evaluated for their growth and development and ectomycorrhizal frequency. There were significant differences between trait seedlings P. sylvestris inoculated 11 strains used in this experiments. The highest mean values of height and steam diameter were obtained with seedlings inoculated with strain G fungus R. roseolus. There were no significant differences between dry weight seedlings inoculated all strains. R. roseolus formed ectomycorrhizae on 100% of the inoculated plants at all variants. The highest colonization of short roots were obtained with seedlings inoculated with strain D this fungus (29%). There were destined strains D, G and I fungus R. roseolus to further studies.
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