The turnip aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach, 1843), is one of the most destructive pests in the United States. It has been reported in 33 states, but had not been reported in the state of Missouri. In this study we report this species for the first time in Missouri.
From the surveyed several Brassica oleracea varieties, two viruses have been isolated and identified, namely cauliflower mosaic caulimovirus (CaMV) and tumip mosaic potyvirus (TuMV). Diagnosis was based on the host range, including test plants, on virus properties in sap and in purified virus suspension, on serological tests and on electron microscopic examinations. The third virus, broccoli necrotic yellows cytorhabdo-like virus (BNYV), was detected sporadically, only by electron microscopic observations. It occurred always together with TuMV and/or CaMV. Its isolation was not successful.
Most of the plantations of different Brassica oleracea varieties surveyed in the central and west-north region of Poland, appeared to be virus infected. All but two, from among 9 varieties observed, were more or less virus infected. Mainly two viruses have been found in observed fields: TuMV and CaMV. In general, the former one was more prevalent than the latter one. CaMV more often was detected in cauliflower and broccoli fields, whereas TuMV - in fields of Brussels sprouts and red, white and Savoy cabbages. Occasionally BNY-like virus was detected always together with CaMV or/and TuMV.
Strawberry has previously been transformed using Agrobacterium-mediated DNA transfer. In this paper, we present a process for delivering foreign genes into strawberry leaf disks using particle bombardment. Expression of foreign DNA into strawberry leaf disks (Fragaria X ananassa Duch.) was detected - using in situ GUS assay-following bombardment with tungsten particles coated with plasmid DNA (pBI221.23) that coded for the selectable (hygromycin phosphotransferase [hpt] and the screenable (β-glucuronidase [GUS]) marker genes. Both genes are under the control of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S promoter. The criteria of stability of phenotypes after the removal of selective pressure, Southern blot hybridization and segregation analysis were used to confirm the mitotic stability of the foreign gene and its stable integration into the strawberry genome progeny. The relative simplicity of this system recommends its future use for the production of genetically modified strawberry.
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.