Wooden skeleton constructions formerly and nowadays in Poland. The paper presents issues concerning former and contemporary wooden skeleton constructions. As the groundbreaking period between the historical and contemporary skeleton constructions, the World War II has been assumed. In the introduction, the constructions have been characterized basing on a literature review as well as direct investigations on selected Polish realizations. As one of originally appearing wooden skeleton constructions, the post-and-beam construction was rated with its regional variants, however as one of contemporary ones – the light wooden skeletons: Canadian and prefabricated. In the main part of the paper, a comparative analysis of former and contemporary solutions has been made; it showed a lot of differences resulting mainly from the technology development, continuous improvement of features of building materials and changing laws and directives.
For the economy of material in composite building constructions of ceiling and coverage prestressing of a lower subdiagonal is used. To simplify the process of optimal cross-section elements selection in the combined subdiagonal systems and their geometrical descriptions equation of a strain unbreak has been used. The example of the 6m span combined steel construction calculation that works in composition of the monolithic rein-force-concrete ceiling has been executed with the prestressing of a lower subdiagonal and the analysis of the results. As the research has shown, prestressing in such a construction allows decreasing a cut of an upper steel beam by 20-24%.
This paper depicts selected methods used in measuring roofs for diagnostic purposes, as well as conclusions from experimental research about their use to date.
The object of the research was to analyze the quality of glued elements in endurance tests. The pine wood used in the research originated from the vicinity of Sulechów. In the research the physical properties of the wood, such as density and humidity were analyzed. Within the framework of the research the endurance of laboratory samples was also tested. The research was conducted on laboratory samples. The results of the study are presented on illustrations and in tables.
W pracy przedstawiono aktualny stan wiedzy na temat zastosowania konstrukcji tensegrity w projektowaniu mostów i kładek dla pieszych. W ostatnich kilku latach pojawiają się nowe projekty i realizacje konstrukcji tego typu. Do najważniejszych jej zalet należy zaliczyć lekkość i możliwość samodiagnozowania i samonaprawy. Ocena literatury wskazuje, że w najbliższym czasie należy spodziewać się nowych projektów i aplikacji inteligentnych mostów i kładek dla pieszych tensegrity.