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Traditional understanding of the borders did not lead towards the possibilities of the cross- border regions development where (at both sides of the region) can be stated the similar development. The article identifies the importance of the cross-border cooperation for the economy development of the Tatras Euroregion and the reader can also find here the visitors' opinions. Cooperation in Tatras Euroregion is active for several years. In the frame of the cooperation several projects that had their promotional, ecological and economy importance and meaning had been run. The euroregion considers the projects dealing with the permanent sustainable development to be of the biggest importance.
Accession of Poland to the European Union and full application of the Schengen acquits toward Poland changed the level of formalization and permeability of Polish state borders. Polish- German state border started to function as a connecting border as it became an internal border of the European Union. On the other hand, the separating function of Polish-Belorussian border was intensified. The border regions are perceived in the reference books as the areas characterized by the low level of development. A question arises in this context: Is there a relationship between formalization and permeability of state borders and the level of regional development? The aim of this article is to determine the level of development of the border regions LAU-1 (Local Administrative Units) of the Lower Silesia and Podlaskie Voivodeships in the context of their location along the state border which has a different level of formalization and permeability. To this end, a research of reference books on state borders has been made and the level of development of the examined objects has been determined by using a synthetic development index. The study encompassed all districts of Lower Silesia and Podlaskie Voivodeships. The data from Statistical Office in Białystok and Wrocław as of 2011 has been used. In the researched group of border regions not only the least developed regions were indicated, but also the regions characterized by the high level of development. The analysis shows that the regional level of development is dependent on many factors and that a direct relationship between the level of development and the degree of formalization and permeability of state's border should not be indicated.
This paper summarizes available information concerning the presence of the Eurasian lynx Lynx lynx Linneaus, 1758 in the Sumava Mountains and adjacent areas along the common border of Czech Republic, Germany and Austria. Our data give an overview of the lynx population occupying the border region between the three countries from 1990 to 1999. We estimated population size using radiotracking data. From 1990 to 1998, population increased from under 20 to nearly 70 resident animals. During this time, reproduction increased as well, with a maximum of 55 kittens observed in the rearing period of 1998 to 1999. Mortality data indicated that illegal hunting was widespread. Our paper discusses possible links with other lynx populations and describes the legal status of lynx in the three different countries. Current manage­ment approaches are outlined and steps toward a long-term conservation plan for the population are proposed.
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